Hans Spemann - Vikipedi

Hans Spemann (d. 27 Haziran 1869, Stuttgart, Württemberg - ö. 9 Eylül 1941, Freiburg im Breisgau, Almanya), Alman embriyoloji bilgini. Günümüzde indükleme olarak bilinen süreci bulmuş ve bu buluşuyla 1935 Nobel Fizyoloji veya Tıp Ödülünü almıştır.

g t d Nobel Fizyoloji veya Tıp Ödülü sahipleri
1901-1925	Emil Behring (1901) Ronald Ross (1902) Niels Finsen (1903) İvan Pavlov (1904) Robert Koch (1905) Camillo Golgi / Santiago Ramón y Cajal (1906) Alphonse Laveran (1907) İlya Meçnikov / Paul Ehrlich (1908) Emil Kocher (1909) Albrecht Kossel (1910) Allvar Gullstrand (1911) Alexis Carrel (1912) Charles Robert Richet (1913) Robert Bárány (1914) Jules Bordet (1919) August Krogh (1920) Archibald Hill / Otto Meyerhof (1922) Frederick Banting / John Macleod (1923) Willem Einthoven (1924)
1926-1950	Johannes Andreas Grib Fibiger (1926) Julius Wagner-Jauregg (1927) Charles Nicolle (1928) Christiaan Eijkman / Frederick Gowland Hopkins (1929) Karl Landsteiner (1930) Otto Warburg (1931) Charles Scott Sherrington / Edgar Adrian (1932) Thomas Morgan (1933) George Whipple / George Minot / William Murphy (1934) Hans Spemann (1935) Henry Dale / Otto Loewi (1936) Albert Szent-Györgyi (1937) Corneille Heymans (1938) Gerhard Domagk (1939) Henrik Dam / Edward Doisy (1943) Joseph Erlanger / Herbert Gasser (1944) Alexander Fleming / Ernst Chain / Howard Walter Florey (1945) Hermann Muller (1946) Carl Cori / Gerty Theresa Cori / Bernardo Houssay (1947) Paul Müller (1948) Walter Hess / António Egas Moniz (1949) Edward Kendall / Tadeus Reichstein / Philip Hench (1950)
1951-1975	Max Theiler (1951) Selman Abraham Waksman (1952) Hans Krebs / Fritz Lipmann (1953) John Enders / Thomas Weller / Frederick Robbins (1954) Hugo Theorell (1955) André Cournand / Werner Forssmann / Dickinson Woodruff Richards (1956) Daniel Bovet (1957) George Beadle / Edward Tatum / Joshua Lederberg (1958) Severo Ochoa / Arthur Kornberg (1959) Frank Burnet / Peter Medawar (1960) Georg von Békésy (1961) Francis Crick / James Dewey Watson / Maurice Wilkins (1962) John Eccles / Alan Hodgkin / Andrew Huxley (1963) Konrad Bloch / Feodor Lynen (1964) François Jacob / André Lwoff / Jacques Monod (1965) Francis Rous / Charles B. Huggins (1966) Ragnar Granit / Haldan Hartline / George Wald (1967) Robert William Holley / Har Khorana / Marshall Nirenberg (1968) Max Delbrück / Alfred Hershey / Salvador Edward Luria (1969) Bernard Katz / Ulf von Euler / Julius Axelrod (1970) Earl Sutherland, Jr. (1971) Gerald Edelman / Rodney Porter (1972) Karl von Frisch / Konrad Lorenz / Nikolaas Tinbergen (1973) Albert Claude / Christian de Duve / George Palade (1974) David Baltimore / Renato Dulbecco / Howard Temin (1975)
1976-2000	Baruch Blumberg / Daniel Gajdusek (1976) Roger Guillemin / Andrew Schally / Rosalyn Yalow (1977) Werner Arber / Daniel Nathans / Hamilton O. Smith (1978) Allan Cormack / Godfrey Hounsfield (1979) Baruj Benacerraf / Jean Dausset / George Snell (1980) Roger Sperry / David H. Hubel / Torsten N. Wiesel (1981) Sune Bergström / Bengt I. Samuelsson / John Robert Vane (1982) Barbara McClintock (1983) Niels Jerne / Georges Köhler / César Milstein (1984) Michael Brown / Joseph L. Goldstein (1985) Stanley Cohen / Rita Levi-Montalcini (1986) Susumu Tonegawa (1987) James W. Black / Gertrude B. Elion / George H. Hitchings (1988) J. Michael Bishop / Harold E. Varmus (1989) Joseph Murray / E. Donnall Thomas (1990) Erwin Neher / Bert Sakmann (1991) Edmond Fischer / Edwin G. Krebs (1992) Richard J. Roberts / Phillip Sharp (1993) Alfred G. Gilman / Martin Rodbell (1994) Edward B. Lewis / Christiane Nüsslein-Volhard / Eric F. Wieschaus (1995) Peter C. Doherty / Rolf M. Zinkernagel (1996) Stanley B. Prusiner (1997) Robert F. Furchgott / Louis Ignarro / Ferid Murad (1998) Günter Blobel (1999) Arvid Carlsson / Paul Greengard / Eric Kandel (2000)
2001-günümüz	Leland H. Hartwell / Tim Hunt / Paul Nurse (2001) Sydney Brenner / H. Robert Horvitz / John E. Sulston (2002) Paul Lauterbur / Peter Mansfield (2003) Richard Axel / Linda B. Buck (2004) Barry Marshall / Robin Warren (2005) Andrew Z. Fire / Craig C. Mello (2006) Mario Capecchi / Martin Evans / Oliver Smithies (2007) Harald zur Hausen / Luc Montagnier / Françoise Barré-Sinoussi (2008) Elizabeth Blackburn / Carol W. Greider / Jack Szostak (2009) Robert G. Edwards (2010) Bruce Beutler / Jules A. Hoffmann / Ralph M. Steinman (ölümünden sonra) (2011) John Gurdon / Shinya Yamanaka (2012) James Rothman / Randy Schekman / Thomas C. Südhof (2013) John O'Keefe / May-Britt Moser / Edvard Moser (2014) William C. Campbell / Satoshi Ōmura / Tu Youyou (2015) Yoshinori Ohsumi (2016) Jeffrey C. Hall / Michael Rosbash / Michael W. Young (2017) James P. Allison / Tasuku Honjo (2018) Gregg L. Semenza / Peter J. Ratcliffe / William Kaelin (2019) Harvey J. Alter / Michael Houghton / Charles M. Rice (2020) David Julius / Artem Pataputyan (2021) Svante Pääbo (2022) Katalin Karikó / Drew Weissman (2023)

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