Bağımsızlık ilanı

Bağımsızlık ilanı veya Devlet İlanı belirli bir toprak hakkında yapılan ve o toprağın bağımsız bir devlet oluşturduğunu ileri süren bir iddiadır. Bu tip yerler genellikle diğer bir ülkenin topraklarının bir kısmında veya tamamında ya da kendisinden büyük ve dağılmakta olan ülkenin topraklarında ilan edilir. 2010'da Uluslararası Adalet Divanı Kosova hakkındaki tavsiye raporunu açıklarken uluslararası hukuğun bağımsızlık ilanına ilişkin herhangi bir kısıtlaması olmadığını açıklamıştır. Fakat yine de bağımsızlık ilanında bulunmak, topraklarından ayrılmak istenen ülke tarafından bu hareketin isyan olarak görülmesine sebep olabilir, ve bu da daha sonradan sorunun çözülmesi için bağımsızlık savaşı veya yasal bir yaptırım gerektirebilir.

Bağımsızlık ilanları listesi

Bölge	İlan	Tarih	Yıl	İlişki	İmzalayanlar	İlk tanıyan devlet
Arnavutluk	Albanian Declaration of Independence	November 28	1912	Osmanlı İmparatorluğu	Assembly of Vlorë
Birleşik Rio de la Plata İlleri (günümüz  Arjantin, Uruguay Bolivya)	Argentine Declaration of Independence	July 9	1816	İspanya	Congress of Tucumán	Hawaii Krallığı
Ermenistan Ermenistan	First Republic of Armenia	May 28	1918	Rusya İmparatorluğu	Armenian National Congress (1917) Armenian Revolutionary Federation (ARF Dashnak)	Rusya
Azerbaycan Azerbaycan	Azerbaijan Democratic Republic	May 28	1918	Rusya İmparatorluğu	Azerbaijani National Council (Hasan bey Aghayev, Fatali Khan Khoyski, Nasib Yusifbeyli, Jamo bey Hajinski, Şefi bey Rustambeyli, Nariman bey Narimanbeyov, Javad Malik-Yeganov, Mustafa Mahmudov)	Osmanlı İmparatorluğu
Azavad Azavad	Azawadi declaration of independence	April 6	2012	Mali	National Movement for the Liberation of Azawad
Bangladeş Bangladeş	Proclamation of Bangladeshi Independence	March 26	1971	Pakistan	Constituent Assembly of Bangladesh	Bhutan
Belarus Belarus	Declaration of Independence	March 25	1918	Rusya	Rada of the Belarusian Democratic Republic
Belarus Belarus	Belavezha Accords	December 25	1991	SSCB	Presidents of Russia, Ukraine and Belarus	Türkiye
Belçika Belçika	Belgian Declaration of Independence	October 4	1830	Hollanda	Provisional Government of Belgium
Bosna-Hersek Bosna Hersek	Bosnian Declaration of Independence	March 1	1992	Yugoslavya		Bulgaristan
Şablon:Ülke veri Empire of Brazil Brezilya İmparatorluğu	Independence of Brazil	September 7	1822	Portekiz	Pedro I of Brazil	A.B.D.
Bougainville	Bougainville Declaration of Independence	May	1990	Papua Yeni Gine	Bougainville Interim Government	bilinmiyor
Bulgaristan Bulgaristan	Bulgarian Declaration of Independence	September 22	1908	Osmanlı İmparatorluğu	Ferdinand of Bulgaria and the Government of Bulgaria	Rusya İmparatorluğu (5 Şubat 1909)
Katalonya Katalonya	Declaration of the Catalan Republic as a state of the Iberian Federation	April 14	1931	İspanya	Francesc Macià, Generalitat Government of Catalonia
Katalonya Katalonya	Declaration of the Catalan state within the Federal Republic of Spain	October 6	1934	İspanya	Lluís Companys, Generalitat Government of Catalonia
Merkez Amerika	Act of Independence of Central America	September 15	1821	İspanya
Şili Şili	Chilean Declaration of Independence	February 12	1818	İspanya	National Congress	Portekiz
Kolombiya Kolombiya	Colombian Declaration of Independence	July 20	1810	İspanya
Hırvatistan Hırvatistan	Independence of Croatia	June 25	1991	Yugoslavya		İzlanda
Şablon:Ülke veri Republic of Crimea Kırım Cumhuriyeti	Declaration of Independence of the Republic of Crimea	March 11	2014	Ukrayna	Supreme Council of Crimea	Rusya
Dominik Cumhuriyeti Dominik Cumhuriyeti	Dominican Declaration of Independence	February 27	1844	Haiti		Birleşik Krallık
Doğu Timor Doğu Timor	East Timorese declaration of independence	November 28	1975	Portekiz		Fas
Mısır Mısır	Unilateral Declaration of Egyptian Independence	February 28	1922	Birleşik Krallık	Unilateral grant of independence by the British government	Birleşik Krallık
Estonya Estonya	Estonian Declaration of Independence	February 24	1918	Rusya	Salvation Committee	SSCB
Estonya Estonya	Estonian Reconfirmation of Independence	August 20	1991	SSCB	Congress of Estonia	İzlanda
Finlandiya Finlandiya	Finnish Declaration of Independence	December 6	1917	Rusya	Parliament of Finland	SSCB
Florida	Florida's Constitution of 1861	January 10	1861	A.B.D.	Florida State Legislature
Galiçya	Declaration of the Republic of Galicia	June 27	1931	İspanya
Gürcistan Gürcistan	Democratic Republic of Georgia	May 26	1918	Rusya İmparatorluğu		Almanya
Georgia (A.B.D. eyaleti)	Georgia's secession declaration	January 29	1861	A.B.D.
Yunanistan	Greek Declaration of Independence	January 1 OS	1822	Osmanlı İmparatorluğu	First National Assembly	Haiti (1822)
Gine-Bissau Guinea-Bissau	Guinea-Bissau Declaration of Independence	September 24	1973	Portekiz
Haiti Haiti	Haitian Declaration of Independence	January 1	1804	Fransa	Jean-Jacques Dessalines	Fransa (17 Nisan 1825)
Macaristan	Hungarian Declaration of Independence	April 14	1849	Avusturya İmparatorluğu
İzlanda İzlanda	Icelandic Declaration of Independence	June 17	1944	Danimarka		A.B.D.
Irak	Iraq Declaration of Independence	October 3	1932	Birleşik Krallık		Birleşik Krallık
Hindistan Hindistan	Declaration of the Independence of India	January 26	1930	Birleşik Krallık
Endonezya Endonezya	Proclamation of Indonesian Independence	August 17	1945	Hollanda	Sukarno & Mohammad Hatta	Mısır veya Vatikan
İrlanda	Proclamation of the Irish Republic	April 24 (Easter Monday)	1916	Birleşik Krallık	Irish Volunteers Irish Citizen Army
İrlanda Cumhuriyeti	Irish Declaration of Independence	January 21	1919	Birleşik Krallık	Dáil Éireann	SSCB
İsrail İsrail	Israeli Declaration of Independence	May 14	1948	Birleşik Krallık	Jewish People's Council	A.B.D.
Kuzey Epirus Özerk Cumhuriyeti	Northern Epirote Declaration of Independence	February 28	1914	Arnavutluk Prensliği	Provisional Government of Northern Epirus
Katanga	Katangan Declaration of Independence		1960	Kongo (Léopoldville)
Kore	Korean Declaration of Independence	March 1	1919	Japonya
Kuzey Solomonlar Cumhuriyeti	Declaration of Independence of the Republic of the North Solomons	September 1	1975	Papua ve Yeni Gine Toprakları (Avustralya)	Unknown	Katolik Kilisesi
Kosova Kosova	Kosovo declaration of independence	February 17	2008	Sırbistan	Assembly of Kosovo	Afganistan ve Kosta Rika
Kosova Cumhuriyeti	Proclamation of the Republic of Kosova	September 22	1992	Sırbistan	Provincial Assembly of Kosovo	Arnavutluk
Letonya Letonya	Latvian Declaration of Independence	November 18	1918	Almanya, Russia	People's Council of Latvia	SSCB
Letonya Letonya	On the Restoration of Independence of the Republic of Latvia	May 4	1990	Soviet Union	Supreme Soviet of the Latvian SSR	İzlanda
Liberya Liberya	Liberian Declaration of Independence	July 16	1847	American Colonization Society	Liberian Constitutional Convention	Birleşik Krallık
Litvanya Litvanya	Act of Independence of Lithuania	February 16	1918	Germany, Rusya	Council of Lithuania	Almanya
Litvanya Litvanya	Act of the Re-Establishment of the State of Lithuania	March 11	1990	SSCB	Supreme Council of Lithuania	İzlanda
Kuzey Makedonya Makedonya	Independence of the Republic of Macedonia	September 8	1991	Yugoslavya		Bulgaristan
Malaya Federasyonu (günümüz Malezya)	Federation of Malaya Independence Act 1957	August 31	1957	Birleşik Krallık	Tunku Abdul Rahman, Prime Minister of Malaysia	Birleşik Krallık
Mississippi	A Declaration of the Immediate Causes which Induce and Justify the Secession of the State of Mississippi from the Federal Union	January 9	1861	A.B.D.
Birinci Meksika İmparatorluğu (günümüz Meksika)	Declaration of Independence of the Mexican Empire (real independence)	September 28	1821	İspanya	Supreme Provisional Governmental Board	Birleşik Krallık ( 4 Ocak 1825)
Moldova Moldova	Declaration of Independence of the Republic of Moldova	August 27	1991	SSCB	Parliament of the Republic of Moldova	Romanya
Fas	Moroccan Declaration of Independence	January 11	1944	Fransa	Istiqlal Party
Karadağ Karadağ	Montenegro declaration of independence	June 3	2006	Sırbistan ve Karadağ	Assembly of the Republic of Montenegro	İzlanda
Hollanda Hollanda	Act of Abjuration	July 26	1581	İspanya İmparatorluğu	Union of Utrecht
Yeni Zelanda Yeni Zelanda	Declaration of the Independence of New Zealand	October 28	1835	—	Māori chiefs	Birleşik Krallık
Kuzey Amerika (gnümüz Meksika)	Solemn Act of the Declaration of Independence of Northern America	November 6	1813	İspanya	Congress of Anáhuac
Kuzey Kıbrıs Türk Cumhuriyeti	Declaration of Independence of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus	November 15	1983	Kıbrıs		Türkiye
Norveç Norveç	Constitution of Norway	May 17	1814	Birlik; Kiel Antlaşmasına göre	Constitutional assembly
Padanya Padanya	Padanian Declaration of Independence	September 15	1996	İtalya
Pakistan Pakistan	Pakistan Resolution	March 24	1940	Hint İmparatorluğu, Birleşik Krallık	Muslim League (Pakistan)
Filistin Filistin	Palestinian Declaration of Independence	November 15	1988	Filistin toprakları	Palestinian National Council	Arap Ligi
Peru	Act of the Declaration of Independence of Peru	July 28	1821	İspanya	José de San Martín
Filipinler Filipinler	Philippine Declaration of Independence	June 12	1898	İspanya	98 persons (ratified on September 29, 1898 by the Malolos Congress)
Rodezya Rodezya	Rhodesian Unilateral Declaration of Independence	November 11	1965	Birleşik Krallık	Ian Smith and the rest of the Cabinet	yok
Romanya Romanya	Romanian Declaration of Independence	May 22	1877	Osmanlı İmparatorluğu	King Carol I
Rusya Rusya	Belavezha Accords (de facto) Officially never declared "independence", to become successor to the Soviet Union.	December 8	1991	SSCB	Presidents of Russia, Ukraine and Belarus
Sahra Demokratik Arap Cumhuriyeti	Bir Lehlou declaration	February 27	1976	İspanyol Sahrası	Polisario Front	Madagaskar
İskoçya İskoç Krallığı	Declaration of Arbroath	April 6	1320	İngiltere Krallığı	Scottish leaders
Sırbistan	The Proclamation (Proglašenije/Проглашеније)	February	1809	Osmanlı İmparatorluğu	Karađorđe Petrović and Serbian MPs
Singapur	Proclamation of Singapore	August 9	1965	Malezya	Lee Kuan Yew, Prime Minister of Singapore	Birleşik Krallık
Slovakya Slovakya	Slovak National Council's Declaration of Independence of the Slovak Nation	July 17	1992	Çekoslovakya	Slovak National Council
Slovenya Slovenya	Slovenian Declaration of Independence	June 25	1991	Yugoslavya		Hırvatistan
Somaliland Somaliland	Somaliland Declaration of Independence	May 18	1991	Somali		yok
Güney Carolina	Declaration of the Immediate Causes Which Induce and Justify the Secession of South Carolina from the Federal Union	December 24	1860	A.B.D.	South Carolinians in Charleston
Sri Lanka Sri Lanka	Declaration of Independence of Sri Lanka (Then known as "Ceylon")	February 4	1948	Birleşik Krallık		yok
Texas Cumhuriyeti	Texas Declaration of Independence	March 2	1836	Meksika		Fransa
Texas	A Declaration of the Causes which Impel the State of Texas to Secede from the Federal Union	February 1	1861	A.B.D.	Texas Legislature
Tibet Tibet	Tibet's Declaration of Independence	February 13	1913	Çin	13th Dalai Lama	yok
Türkmenistan Türkmenistan	Declaration of independence		1991	SSCB	none	Türkiye
Ukrayna Ukrayna	IV Universal	January 22	1918	Rusya	Central Council of Ukraine
Ukrayna Ukrayna	Declaration of Independence of Ukraine	August 24	1991	SSCB	Verkhovna Rada	Polonya/Kanada
[[Amerika Birleşik Devletleri|ABD]] A.B.D.	United States Declaration of Independence	July 4	1776	Büyük Britanya Krallığı	Second Continental Congress	Fransa
Özbekistan Özbekistan	Declaration of Independence	August 31	1991	SSCB	Supreme Council of Uzbekistan	Türkiye
Venezuela Venezuela	Venezuelan Declaration of Independence	July 5	1811	İspanya	National Congress
Vermont Republic	Vermont Declaration of Independence	January 15	1777	New York ve New Hampshire		A.B.D.
[[Vietnam|Vietnam]] Vietnam	Proclamation of Independence of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam	September 2	1945	Fransa	Hồ Chí Minh	SSCB
Lower Canada	Declaration of Independence of Lower Canada	February 22	1838	Birleşik Krallık	Robert Nelson	yok