Selanik'in Yağmalanması (904): Revizyonlar arasındaki fark

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'''Selanik'in Yağmalanması''' [[Sarazenler|Sarazen]] korsanlar tarafından 904 yılında Selanik şehrinin yağmalanmasıdır. 10. yüzyılda [[Bizans İmparatorluğu]]'nun yaşadığı en kötü felaketlerden biridir.
'''Selanik'in Yağmalanması''' [[Sarazenler|Sarazen]] korsanlar tarafından 904 yılında Selanik şehrinin yağmalanmasıdır. 10. yüzyılda [[Bizans İmparatorluğu]]'nun yaşadığı en kötü felaketlerden biridir. İlk hedefi [[Konstantinopolis]] olan, İslam dinine dönmüş Yunanlı olan [[Trabluslu Leon]] komutasında Suriye'den gelen Müslüman filosu denize açıldı. Müslümanlar Konstantinopolis’e saldırmaktan caydı ve yerine [[Selanik]]’e dönmeleri [[Bizans donanması|donanması]] zamanında tepki veremeyen Bizans’ları şaşırttı. Şehrin iki komutanı birbiriyle çelişen emirler vermesi, özellikle de denize açılan şehir surlarında düzensizlik yarattı.
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A Muslim fleet, led by the renegade [[Leo of Tripoli]], and with the imperial capital of [[Constantinople]] as its initial target, sailed from Syria. The Muslims were deterred from attacking Constantinople, and instead turned to Thessalonica, totally surprising the Byzantines, whose [[Byzantine navy|navy]] was unable to react in time. The city walls, especially towards the sea, were in disrepair, while the city's two commanders issued conflicting orders.

After a short siege, the Saracens were able to storm the seaward walls, overcome the Thessalonians' resistance and take the city on 29 July. The sacking continued for a full week, before the raiders departed for their bases in the [[Levant]], having freed 4,000 Muslim prisoners while capturing 60 ships,<ref>Faith and sword: a short history of Christian-Muslim conflict By Alan G. Jamieson, pg.32</ref> and gaining a large loot and 22,000 captives, mostly young people.<ref>cf. the account of [[John Kaminiates]]</ref> In the event, most of the captives, including [[John Kaminiates]], who chronicled the sack, were ransomed by the Empire and exchanged for Muslim captives.
After a short siege, the Saracens were able to storm the seaward walls, overcome the Thessalonians' resistance and take the city on 29 July. The sacking continued for a full week, before the raiders departed for their bases in the [[Levant]], having freed 4,000 Muslim prisoners while capturing 60 ships,<ref>Faith and sword: a short history of Christian-Muslim conflict By Alan G. Jamieson, pg.32</ref> and gaining a large loot and 22,000 captives, mostly young people.<ref>cf. the account of [[John Kaminiates]]</ref> In the event, most of the captives, including [[John Kaminiates]], who chronicled the sack, were ransomed by the Empire and exchanged for Muslim captives.
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== Kaynakça ==
== Kaynakça ==
;Özel
{{Kaynakça}}

;Genel

* {{citation | title = John Kaminiates: The Capture of Thessaloniki | editor1-first = David | editor1-last = Frendo | editor2-first = Athanasios | editor2-last = Fotiou | publisher = Australian Association for Byzantine Studies | year = 2000 | location = Perth | isbn = 1-876503-00-9}}
* {{citation | title = John Kaminiates: The Capture of Thessaloniki | editor1-first = David | editor1-last = Frendo | editor2-first = Athanasios | editor2-last = Fotiou | publisher = Australian Association for Byzantine Studies | year = 2000 | location = Perth | isbn = 1-876503-00-9}}
* {{citation | last = Patoura | first = Sofia | script-title=el:Οι αιχμάλωτοι ως παράγοντες επικοινωνίας και πληροφόρησης (4ος-10ος αι.) | trans_title = Prisoners of War as Agents of Communication and Information (4th-10th C.) | publisher = National Research Foundation - Center for Byzantine Research | location = Athens | year = 1994 | language = Greek | isbn = 960-7094-42-5}}
* {{citation | last = Patoura | first = Sofia | script-title=el:Οι αιχμάλωτοι ως παράγοντες επικοινωνίας και πληροφόρησης (4ος-10ος αι.) |trans-title=Prisoners of War as Agents of Communication and Information (4th-10th C.) | publisher = National Research Foundation - Center for Byzantine Research | location = Athens | year = 1994 | language = Greek | isbn = 960-7094-42-5}}
* {{citation | title = A History of the Byzantine State and Society | last = Treadgold | first = Warren T. | authorlink = Warren Treadgold | year = 1997 | publisher = Stanford University Press | location = [[Stanford, CA]] | isbn = 0-8047-2630-2 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=nYbnr5XVbzUC | page = 467}}
* {{citation | title = A History of the Byzantine State and Society | last = Treadgold | first = Warren T. | authorlink = Warren Treadgold | year = 1997 | publisher = Stanford University Press | location = [[Stanford, CA]] | isbn = 0-8047-2630-2 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=nYbnr5XVbzUC | page = 467}}
* {{citation | last = Vasiliev | first = A.A. | authorlink = Alexander Vasiliev (historian) | others = French ed.: [[Henri Grégoire (historian)|Henri Grégoire]], [[Marius Canard]] | title = Byzance et les Arabes, Tome II, 1ére partie: Les relations politiques de Byzance et des Arabes à L'époque de la dynastie macédonienne (867–959) | year = 1968 | location = Brussels | publisher = Éditions de l'Institut de Philologie et d'Histoire Orientales | language= French | pages = 163–179}}
* {{citation | last = Vasiliev | first = A.A. | authorlink = Alexander Vasiliev (historian) | others = French ed.: [[Henri Grégoire (historian)|Henri Grégoire]], [[Marius Canard]] | title = Byzance et les Arabes, Tome II, 1ére partie: Les relations politiques de Byzance et des Arabes à L'époque de la dynastie macédonienne (867–959) | year = 1968 | location = Brussels | publisher = Éditions de l'Institut de Philologie et d'Histoire Orientales | language= French | pages = 163–179}}

Sayfanın 12.59, 24 Ocak 2019 tarihindeki hâli

Selanik'in Yağmalanması
Arap-Bizans savaşları

904 yılında Trabluslu Leon komutasında Araplar tarafından Selanik'in yağmalanması İoannis Skilicis vakainamesinin Madrid Skilicis versiyonunda resmedilmiştir.
Bölge
Sonuç Sarazen zaferi; Selanik yağmalandı
Taraflar
Bizans İmparatorluğu Sarazen korsanlar
Komutanlar ve liderler
Petronas
Leo Chitzilakes
Niketas
Trabluslu Leon

Selanik'in Yağmalanması Sarazen korsanlar tarafından 904 yılında Selanik şehrinin yağmalanmasıdır. 10. yüzyılda Bizans İmparatorluğu'nun yaşadığı en kötü felaketlerden biridir. İlk hedefi Konstantinopolis olan, İslam dinine dönmüş Yunanlı olan Trabluslu Leon komutasında Suriye'den gelen Müslüman filosu denize açıldı. Müslümanlar Konstantinopolis’e saldırmaktan caydı ve yerine Selanik’e dönmeleri donanması zamanında tepki veremeyen Bizans’ları şaşırttı. Şehrin iki komutanı birbiriyle çelişen emirler vermesi, özellikle de denize açılan şehir surlarında düzensizlik yarattı.

Kaynakça

Özel
Genel
  • Frendo, David; Fotiou, Athanasios, (Ed.) (2000), John Kaminiates: The Capture of Thessaloniki, Perth: Australian Association for Byzantine Studies, ISBN 1-876503-00-9 
  • Patoura, Sofia (1994), Οι αιχμάλωτοι ως παράγοντες επικοινωνίας και πληροφόρησης (4ος-10ος αι.) [Prisoners of War as Agents of Communication and Information (4th-10th C.)] (Greek), Athens: National Research Foundation - Center for Byzantine Research, ISBN 960-7094-42-5 
  • Treadgold, Warren T. (1997), A History of the Byzantine State and Society, Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, s. 467, ISBN 0-8047-2630-2 
  • Vasiliev, A.A. (1968), Byzance et les Arabes, Tome II, 1ére partie: Les relations politiques de Byzance et des Arabes à L'époque de la dynastie macédonienne (867–959) (French), French ed.: Henri Grégoire, Marius Canard, Brussels: Éditions de l'Institut de Philologie et d'Histoire Orientales, ss. 163–179 

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