Bağımsızlık ilanı

Bağımsızlık ilanı veya Devlet İlanı belirli bir toprak hakkında yapılan ve o toprağın bağımsız bir devlet oluşturduğunu ileri süren bir iddiadır. Bu tip yerler genellikle diğer bir ülkenin topraklarının bir kısmında veya tamamında ya da kendisinden büyük ve dağılmakta olan ülkenin topraklarında ilan edilir. 2010'da Uluslararası Adalet Divanı Kosova hakkındaki tavsiye raporunu açıklarken uluslararası hukuğun bağımsızlık ilanına ilişkin herhangi bir kısıtlaması olmadığını açıklamıştır. Fakat yine de bağımsızlık ilanında bulunmak, topraklarından ayrılmak istenen ülke tarafından bu hareketin isyan olarak görülmesine sebep olabilir, ve bu da daha sonradan sorunun çözülmesi için bağımsızlık savaşı veya yasal bir yaptırım gerektirebilir.

Bağımsızlık ilanları listesi

Bölge	İlan	Tarih	Yıl	İlişki	İmzalayanlar	İlk tanıyan devlet
Arnavutluk	Albanian Declaration of Independence	November 28	1912	Ottoman Empire	Assembly of Vlorë
Birleşik Rio de la Plata İlleri (günümüz  Arjantin, Uruguay Bolivya)	Argentine Declaration of Independence	July 9	1816	Spain	Congress of Tucumán	Kingdom of Hawaii
Ermenistan Ermenistan	First Republic of Armenia	May 28	1918	Russian Empire	Armenian National Congress (1917) Armenian Revolutionary Federation (ARF Dashnak)	Russia
Azerbaycan Azerbaycan	Azerbaijan Democratic Republic	May 28	1918	Russian Empire	Azerbaijani National Council (Hasan bey Aghayev, Fatali Khan Khoyski, Nasib Yusifbeyli, Jamo bey Hajinski, Şefi bey Rustambeyli, Nariman bey Narimanbeyov, Javad Malik-Yeganov, Mustafa Mahmudov)	Ottoman Empire
AzavadAzavad	Azawadi declaration of independence	April 6	2012	Mali	National Movement for the Liberation of Azawad
BangladeşBangladeş	Proclamation of Bangladeshi Independence	March 26	1971	Pakistan	Constituent Assembly of Bangladesh	Bhutan
BelarusBelarus	Declaration of Independence	March 25	1918	Russia	Rada of the Belarusian Democratic Republic
Belarus Belarus	Belavezha Accords	December 25	1991	Soviet Union	Presidents of Russia, Ukraine and Belarus	Turkey
Belçika Belçika	Belgian Declaration of Independence	October 4	1830	Netherlands	Provisional Government of Belgium
Bosna-HersekBosna Hersek	Bosnian Declaration of Independence	March 1	1992	Yugoslavia		Bulgaria
Şablon:Ülke veri Empire of Brazil Brezilya İmparatorluğu	Independence of Brazil	September 7	1822	Portugal	Pedro I of Brazil	United States
Bougainville	Bougainville Declaration of Independence	May	1990	Papua New Guinea	Bougainville Interim Government	unknown
Bulgaristan Bulgaristan	Bulgarian Declaration of Independence	September 22	1908	Ottoman Empire	Ferdinand of Bulgaria and the Government of Bulgaria	Russian Empire (5 February 1909)
Katalonya Katalonya	Declaration of the Catalan Republic as a state of the Iberian Federation	April 14	1931	Spain	Francesc Macià, Generalitat Government of Catalonia
Katalonya Katalonya	Declaration of the Catalan state within the Federal Republic of Spain	October 6	1934	Spain	Lluís Companys, Generalitat Government of Catalonia
Merkez Amerika	Act of Independence of Central America	September 15	1821	Spain
Şili Şili	Chilean Declaration of Independence	February 12	1818	Spain	National Congress	Portugal
Kolombiya Kolombiya	Colombian Declaration of Independence	July 20	1810	Spain
Hırvatistan Hırvatistan	Independence of Croatia	June 25	1991	Yugoslavia		Iceland
Şablon:Ülke veri Republic of Crimea Kırım Cumhuriyeti	Declaration of Independence of the Republic of Crimea	March 11	2014	Ukraine	Supreme Council of Crimea	Russia
Dominik Cumhuriyeti Dominik Cumhuriyeti	Dominican Declaration of Independence	February 27	1844	Haiti		United Kingdom
Doğu Timor Doğu Timor	East Timorese declaration of independence	November 28	1975	Portugal		Morocco
Mısır Mısır	Unilateral Declaration of Egyptian Independence	February 28	1922	United Kingdom	Unilateral grant of independence by the British government	United Kingdom
Estonya Estonya	Estonian Declaration of Independence	February 24	1918	Russia	Salvation Committee	Russian SFSR
Estonya Estonya	Estonian Reconfirmation of Independence	August 20	1991	Soviet Union	Congress of Estonia	Iceland(reconfirmed earlier recognition)
Finlandiya Finlanda	Finnish Declaration of Independence	December 6	1917	Russia	Parliament of Finland	Russian SFSR
Florida	Florida's Constitution of 1861	January 10	1861	United States	Florida State Legislature
Galiçya	Declaration of the Republic of Galicia	June 27	1931	Spain
Gürcistan Gürcistan	Democratic Republic of Georgia	May 26	1918	Russian Empire		Germany
Georgia (A.B.D. eyaleti)	Georgia's secession declaration	January 29	1861	United States
Yunanistan	Greek Declaration of Independence	January 1 OS	1822	Ottoman Empire	First National Assembly	Haiti (1822)
Gine-Bissau Guinea-Bissau	Guinea-Bissau Declaration of Independence	September 24	1973	Portugal
Haiti Haiti	Haitian Declaration of Independence	January 1	1804	France	Jean-Jacques Dessalines	France (April 17, 1825)
Macaristan	Hungarian Declaration of Independence	April 14	1849	Austrian Empire
İzlanda İzlanda	Icelandic Declaration of Independence	June 17	1944	Denmark		United States
Irak	Iraq Declaration of Independence	October 3	1932	United Kingdom		United Kingdom
Hindistan Hindistan	Declaration of the Independence of India	January 26	1930	United Kingdom
Endonezya Endonezya	Proclamation of Indonesian Independence	August 17	1945	Netherlands	Sukarno & Mohammad Hatta	Egypt or Vatican
İrlanda	Proclamation of the Irish Republic	April 24 (Easter Monday)	1916	United Kingdom	Irish Volunteers Irish Citizen Army
İrlanda Cumhuriyeti	Irish Declaration of Independence	January 21	1919	United Kingdom	Dáil Éireann	Russian SFSR
İsrail İsrail	Israeli Declaration of Independence	May 14	1948	United Kingdom	Jewish People's Council	United States
Kuzey Epirus Özerk Cumhuriyeti	Northern Epirote Declaration of Independence	February 28	1914	Principality of Albania	Provisional Government of Northern Epirus
Katanga	Katangan Declaration of Independence		1960	Congo (Léopoldville)
Kore	Korean Declaration of Independence	March 1	1919	Japan
Kuzey Solomonlar Cumhuriyeti	Declaration of Independence of the Republic of the North Solomons	September 1	1975	Territory of Papua and New Guinea(Australia)	Unknown	Catholic Church
KosovaKosova	Kosovo declaration of independence	February 17	2008	Serbia	Assembly of Kosovo	Afghanistan and Costa Rica
Kosova Cumhuriyeti	Proclamation of the Republic of Kosova	September 22	1992	Serbia	Provincial Assembly of Kosovo	Albania
Letonya Letonya	Latvian Declaration of Independence	November 18	1918	Germany, Russia	People's Council of Latvia	Russian SFSR
Letonya Letonya	On the Restoration of Independence of the Republic of Latvia	May 4	1990	Soviet Union	Supreme Soviet of the Latvian SSR	Iceland
Liberya Liberya	Liberian Declaration of Independence	July 16	1847	American Colonization Society	Liberian Constitutional Convention	United Kingdom
Litvanya Litvanya	Act of Independence of Lithuania	February 16	1918	Germany, Russia	Council of Lithuania	Germany
Litvanya Litvanya	Act of the Re-Establishment of the State of Lithuania	March 11	1990	Soviet Union	Supreme Council of Lithuania	Iceland
Kuzey Makedonya Makedonya	Independence of the Republic of Macedonia	September 8	1991	Yugoslavia		Bulgaria
Malaya Federasyonu (günümüz Malezya)	Federation of Malaya Independence Act 1957	August 31	1957	United Kingdom	Tunku Abdul Rahman, Prime Minister of Malaysia	United Kingdom
Mississippi	A Declaration of the Immediate Causes which Induce and Justify the Secession of the State of Mississippi from the Federal Union	January 9	1861	United States
Birinci Meksika İmparatorluğu (günümüz Meksika)	Declaration of Independence of the Mexican Empire (real independence)	September 28	1821	Spain	Supreme Provisional Governmental Board	United Kingdom(January 4, 1825)
Moldova Moldova	Declaration of Independence of the Republic of Moldova	August 27	1991	Soviet Union	Parliament of the Republic of Moldova	Romania
Fas	Moroccan Declaration of Independence	January 11	1944	France	Istiqlal Party
Karadağ Karadağ	Montenegro declaration of independence	June 3	2006	Serbia and Montenegro	Assembly of the Republic of Montenegro	Iceland
Hollanda Hollanda	Act of Abjuration	July 26	1581	Spanish Empire	Union of Utrecht
Yeni Zelanda Yeni Zelanda	Declaration of the Independence of New Zealand	October 28	1835	—	Māori chiefs	United Kingdom
Kuzey Amerika (gnümüz Meksika)	Solemn Act of the Declaration of Independence of Northern America	November 6	1813	Spain	Congress of Anáhuac
Kuzey Kıbrıs Türk Cumhuriyeti	Declaration of Independence of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus	November 15	1983	Cyprus		Turkey
Norveç Norveç	Constitution of Norway	May 17	1814	Union according to Treaty of Kiel	Constitutional assembly
Padanya Padanya	Padanian Declaration of Independence	September 15	1996	Italy
Pakistan Pakistan	Pakistan Resolution	March 24	1940	Indian Empire, United Kingdom	Muslim League (Pakistan)
Filistin Filistin	Palestinian Declaration of Independence	November 15	1988	Palestinian territories	Palestinian National Council	Arab League
Peru	Act of the Declaration of Independence of Peru	July 28	1821	Spain	José de San Martín
Filipinler Filipinler	Philippine Declaration of Independence	June 12	1898	Spain	98 persons (ratified on September 29, 1898 by the Malolos Congress)
Rodezya Rodezya	Rhodesian Unilateral Declaration of Independence	November 11	1965	United Kingdom	Ian Smith and the rest of the Cabinet	none
Romanya Romanya	Romanian Declaration of Independence	May 22	1877	Ottoman Empire	King Carol I
Rusya Rusya	Belavezha Accords (de facto) Officially never declared "independence", to become successor to the Soviet Union.	December 8	1991	Soviet Union	Presidents of Russia, Ukraine and Belarus
Sahra Demokratik Arap Cumhuriyeti	Bir Lehlou declaration	February 27	1976	Spanish Sahara	Polisario Front	Madagascar
İskoçya İskoç Krallığı	Declaration of Arbroath	April 6	1320	Kingdom of England	Scottish leaders
Sırbistan	The Proclamation (Proglašenije/Проглашеније)	February	1809	Ottoman Empire	Karađorđe Petrović and Serbian MPs
Singapur	Proclamation of Singapore	August 9	1965	Malaysia	Lee Kuan Yew, Prime Minister of Singapore	United Kingdom(confirmed earlier recognition)
Slovakya Slovakya	Slovak National Council's Declaration of Independence of the Slovak Nation	July 17	1992	Czechoslovakia	Slovak National Council
Slovenya	Slovenian Declaration of Independence	June 25	1991	Yugoslavia		Croatia
Somaliland	Somaliland Declaration of Independence	May 18	1991	Somalia		none
Güney Carolina	Declaration of the Immediate Causes Which Induce and Justify the Secession of South Carolina from the Federal Union	December 24	1860	United States	South Carolinians in Charleston
Sri Lanka	Declaration of Independence of Sri Lanka (Then known as "Ceylon")	February 4	1948	United Kingdom		none
Texas, Republic of	Texas Declaration of Independence	March 2	1836	Mexico		France
Texas	A Declaration of the Causes which Impel the State of Texas to Secede from the Federal Union	February 1	1861	United States	Texas Legislature
Tibet	Tibet's Declaration of Independence	February 13	1913	China	13th Dalai Lama	none
Türkmenistan	Declaration of independence		1991	Soviet Union	none	Turkey
Ukrayna	IV Universal	January 22	1918	Russia	Central Council of Ukraine
Ukrayna	Declaration of Independence of Ukraine	August 24	1991	Soviet Union	Verkhovna Rada	Poland/Canada
United States	United States Declaration of Independence	July 4	1776	Kingdom of Great Britain	Second Continental Congress	France
Uzbekistan	Declaration of Independence	August 31	1991	Soviet Union	Supreme Council of Uzbekistan	Turkey
Venezuela	Venezuelan Declaration of Independence	July 5	1811	Spain	National Congress
Vermont Republic	Vermont Declaration of Independence	January 15	1777	New York and New Hampshire		United States
Vietnam	Proclamation of Independence of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam	September 2	1945	France	Hồ Chí Minh	Soviet Union
Lower Canada	Declaration of Independence of Lower Canada	February 22	1838	United Kingdom	Robert Nelson	none