Solenopsis (hayvan)

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(Solenopsis (karınca) sayfasından yönlendirildi)
Solenopsis
Yaşadığı dönem aralığı: 33,9-0 myö
Alt oligosen-Günümüz 
Korunma durumu
Değerlendirilmedi (IUCN 3.1)
Biyolojik sınıflandırma Bu sınıflandırmayı düzenle
Âlem: Animalia
Şube: Arthropoda
Sınıf: Insecta
Takım: Hymenoptera
Familya: Formicidae
Alt familya: Myrmicinae
Oymak: Solenopsidini
Cins: Solenopsis
Westwood, 1840
Tip tür
Solenopsis geminata
Fabricius, 1804

Solenopsis, Solenopsidini oymağına bağlı ısıran bir karınca cinsidir.[1][2] Ateş karıncası ısırığı insanda yanmanın verdiğine benzer bir acıya neden olur.[3] Propodeumları sayesinde kolayca tanınırlar.[4]

Kış uykusuna yatmamakta ancak aşırı düşük sıcaklıklara dayanabilmektedir.[5] Lycaenidae ve Riodinidae gibi kelebek türleriyle karşılıklı yarara dayalı ilişkiler kurabilmektedirler.[6][7]

Taksonomi[değiştir | kaynağı değiştir]

Solenopsis cinsine bağlı türler (2024):

  1. Solenopsis abdita - Thompson, 1989
  2. Solenopsis africana - Santschi, 1914
  3. Solenopsis albidula - Emery, 1906
  4. Solenopsis alecto - Santschi, 1934
  5. Solenopsis altinodis - Forel, 1912
  6. Solenopsis amblychila - Wheeler, 1915
  7. Solenopsis andina - Santschi, 1923
  8. Solenopsis angulata - Emery, 1894
  9. Solenopsis atlantis - Santschi, 1934
  10. Solenopsis aurea - Wheeler, 1906
  11. Solenopsis avia - (Bernard, 1978)
  12. Solenopsis azteca - Forel, 1893
  13. Solenopsis balachowskyi - Bernard, 1959
  14. Solenopsis banyulensis - Bernard, 1950
  15. Solenopsis basalis - Forel, 1896
  16. Solenopsis belisarius - Forel, 1907
  17. Solenopsis brasiliana - Santschi, 1925
  18. Solenopsis brazoensis - (Buckley, 1867)
  19. Solenopsis brevicornis - Emery, 1888
  20. Solenopsis brevipes - Emery, 1906
  21. Solenopsis bruchiella - Emery, 1922
  22. Solenopsis bruesi - Creighton, 1930
  23. Solenopsis bucki - Kempf, 1973
  24. Solenopsis canariensis - Forel, 1893
  25. Solenopsis capensis - Mayr, 1866
  26. Solenopsis carolinensis - Forel, 1901
  27. Solenopsis castor - Forel, 1893
  28. Solenopsis celata - (Dlussky & Zabelin, 1985)
  29. Solenopsis clarki - Crawley, 1922
  30. Solenopsis clytemnestra - Emery, 1896
  31. Solenopsis conjurata - Wheeler, 1925
  32. Solenopsis cooperi - Donisthorpe, 1947
  33. Solenopsis corticalis - Forel, 1881
  34. Solenopsis crivellarii - Menozzi, 1936
  35. Solenopsis daguerrei - (Santschi, 1930)
  36. Solenopsis dalli - (Kusnezov, 1969)
  37. Solenopsis decipiens - Emery, 1906
  38. Solenopsis delta - (Bernard, 1978)
  39. Solenopsis deserticola - Ruzsky, 1905
  40. Solenopsis duboscqui - Bernard, 1950
  41. Solenopsis dysderces - Snelling, 1975
  42. Solenopsis egregia - (Kusnezov, 1953)
  43. Solenopsis electra - Forel, 1914
  44. Solenopsis emeryi - Santschi, 1934
  45. Solenopsis eximia - (Kusnezov, 1953)
  46. Solenopsis fairchildi - Wheeler, 1926
  47. Solenopsis franki - Forel, 1908
  48. Solenopsis froggatti - Forel, 1913
  49. Solenopsis fugax - (Latreille, 1798)
  50. Solenopsis fusciventris - Clark, 1934
  51. Solenopsis gallardoi - Santschi, 1925
  52. Solenopsis gallica - Santschi, 1934
  53. Solenopsis gayi - (Spinola, 1851)
  54. Solenopsis geminata - (Fabricius, 1804)
  55. Solenopsis georgica - Menozzi, 1942
  56. Solenopsis germaini - Emery, 1895
  57. Solenopsis globularia - (Smith, 1858)
  58. Solenopsis gnomula - Emery, 1915
  59. Solenopsis goeldii - Forel, 1912
  60. Solenopsis granivora - Kusnezov, 1957
  61. Solenopsis hammari - Mayr, 1903
  62. Solenopsis hayemi - Forel, 1908
  63. Solenopsis helena - Emery, 1895
  64. Solenopsis hostilis - (Borgmeier, 1959)
  65. Solenopsis iheringi - Forel, 1908
  66. Solenopsis ilinei - Santschi, 1936
  67. Solenopsis indagatrix - Wheeler, 1928
  68. Solenopsis insculpta - Clark, 1938
  69. Solenopsis insinuans - Santschi, 1933
  70. Solenopsis insularis - (Bernard, 1978)
  71. Solenopsis interrupta - Santschi, 1916
  72. Solenopsis invicta - Buren, 1972
  73. Solenopsis jacoti - Wheeler, 1923
  74. Solenopsis jalalabadica - Pisarski, 1970
  75. Solenopsis japonica - Wheeler, 1928
  76. Solenopsis joergenseni - Santschi, 1919
  77. Solenopsis juliae - (Arakelian, 1991)
  78. Solenopsis kabylica - Santschi, 1934
  79. Solenopsis knuti - Pisarski, 1967
  80. Solenopsis krockowi - Wheeler, 1908
  81. Solenopsis laeviceps - Mayr, 1870
  82. Solenopsis laevithorax - Bernard, 1950
  83. Solenopsis latastei - Emery, 1895
  84. Solenopsis latro - Forel, 1894
  85. Solenopsis leptanilloides - Santschi, 1925
  86. Solenopsis longiceps - Forel, 1907
  87. Solenopsis loretana - Santschi, 1936
  88. Solenopsis lotophaga - Santschi, 1911
  89. Solenopsis lou - Forel, 1902
  90. Solenopsis lusitanica - Emery, 1915
  91. Solenopsis macdonaghi - Santschi, 1916
  92. Solenopsis macrops - Santschi, 1917
  93. Solenopsis madara - Roger, 1863
  94. Solenopsis major - Theobald, 1937
  95. Solenopsis maligna - Santschi, 1910
  96. Solenopsis mameti - Donisthorpe, 1946
  97. Solenopsis marxi - Forel, 1915
  98. Solenopsis maxillosa - Emery, 1900
  99. Solenopsis megera - Santschi, 1934
  100. Solenopsis megergates - Trager, 1991
  101. Solenopsis metanotalis - Emery, 1896
  102. Solenopsis metatarsalis - (Kusnezov, 1957)
  103. Solenopsis minutissima - Emery, 1906
  104. Solenopsis molesta - (Say, 1836)
  105. Solenopsis monticola - Bernard, 1950
  106. Solenopsis mozabensis - (Bernard, 1977)
  107. Solenopsis nicaeensis - Bernard, 1950
  108. Solenopsis nickersoni - Thompson, 1982
  109. Solenopsis nigella - Emery, 1888
  110. Solenopsis nitens - Bingham, 1903
  111. Solenopsis nitidum - (Dlussky & Radchenko, 1994)
  112. Solenopsis normandi - Santschi, 1934
  113. Solenopsis novemmaculata - Wheeler, 1925
  114. Solenopsis occipitalis - Santschi, 1911
  115. Solenopsis oculata - Santschi, 1925
  116. Solenopsis oraniensis - Forel, 1894
  117. Solenopsis orbula - Emery, 1875
  118. Solenopsis orbuloides - Andre, 1890
  119. Solenopsis overbecki - Viehmeyer, 1916
  120. Solenopsis pachycera - (Forel, 1915)
  121. Solenopsis papuana - Emery, 1900
  122. Solenopsis parabiotica - Weber, 1943
  123. Solenopsis parva - Mayr, 1868
  124. Solenopsis patagonica - Emery, 1906
  125. Solenopsis pawaensis - Mann, 1919
  126. Solenopsis pergandei - Forel, 1901
  127. Solenopsis photophila - Santschi, 1923
  128. Solenopsis picea - Emery, 1896
  129. Solenopsis picquarti - Forel, 1899
  130. Solenopsis picta - Emery, 1895
  131. Solenopsis pilosa - (Bernard, 1978)
  132. Solenopsis pilosula - Wheeler, 1908
  133. Solenopsis pollux - Forel, 1893
  134. Solenopsis provincialis - Bernard, 1950
  135. Solenopsis punctaticeps - Mayr, 1865
  136. Solenopsis puncticeps - MacKay & Vinson, 1989
  137. Solenopsis pusillignis - Trager, 1991
  138. Solenopsis pygmaea - Forel, 1901
  139. Solenopsis pythia - Santschi, 1934
  140. Solenopsis quinquecuspis - Forel, 1913
  141. Solenopsis reichenspergeri - Santschi, 1923
  142. Solenopsis richardi - Bernard, 1950
  143. Solenopsis richteri - Forel, 1909
  144. Solenopsis robusta - Bernard, 1950
  145. Solenopsis rugiceps - Mayr, 1870
  146. Solenopsis rugosa - Bernard, 1950
  147. Solenopsis sabeana - (Buckley, 1867)
  148. Solenopsis saevissima - (Smith, 1855)
  149. Solenopsis salina - Wheeler, 1908
  150. Solenopsis santschii - Forel, 1905
  151. Solenopsis schilleri - Santschi, 1923
  152. Solenopsis schmalzi - Forel, 1901
  153. Solenopsis scipio - Santschi, 1911
  154. Solenopsis sea - (Kusnezov, 1953)
  155. Solenopsis seychellensis - Forel, 1909
  156. Solenopsis silvestrii - Emery, 1906
  157. Solenopsis solenopsidis - (Kusnezov, 1953)
  158. Solenopsis soochowensis - Wheeler, 1921
  159. Solenopsis spei - Forel, 1912
  160. Solenopsis stricta - Emery, 1896
  161. Solenopsis substituta - Santschi, 1925
  162. Solenopsis subterranea - MacKay & Vinson, 1989
  163. Solenopsis subtilis - Emery, 1896
  164. Solenopsis succinea - Emery, 1890
  165. Solenopsis sulfurea - (Roger, 1862)
  166. Solenopsis targuia - Bernard, 1953
  167. Solenopsis tennesseensis - Smith, 1951
  168. Solenopsis tenuis - Mayr, 1878
  169. Solenopsis terricola - Menozzi, 1931
  170. Solenopsis tertialis - Ettershank, 1966
  171. Solenopsis tetracantha - Emery, 1906
  172. Solenopsis texana - Emery, 1895
  173. Solenopsis tipuna - Forel, 1912
  174. Solenopsis tonsa - Thompson, 1989
  175. Solenopsis tridens - Forel, 1911
  176. Solenopsis trihasta - Santschi, 1923
  177. Solenopsis truncorum - Forel, 1901
  178. Solenopsis ugandensis - Santschi, 1933
  179. Solenopsis virulens - (Smith, 1858)
  180. Solenopsis vorax - Santschi, 1934
  181. Solenopsis wasmannii - Emery, 1894
  182. Solenopsis weiseri - Forel, 1914
  183. Solenopsis westwoodi - Forel, 1894
  184. Solenopsis weyrauchi - Trager, 1991
  185. Solenopsis wolfi - Emery, 1915
  186. Solenopsis xyloni - McCook, 1879
  187. Solenopsis zambesiae - Arnold, 1926
  188. Solenopsis zeteki - Wheeler, 1942
Soyu tükenenler
  1. † Solenopsis alena
  2. † Solenopsis atavinus
  3. † Solenopsis blanda - (Foerster, 1891)
  4. † Solenopsis foersteri - Theobald, 1937
  5. † Solenopsis maxima - (Foerster, 1891)
  6. † Solenopsis moesta - (Foerster, 1891)
  7. † Solenopsis privata - (Foerster, 1891)
  8. † Solenopsis superba - (Foerster, 1891)
  9. † Solenopsis valida - (Foerster, 1891)

Konuyla ilgili yayınlar[değiştir | kaynağı değiştir]

  • Westwood J. O. Observations on the genus Typhlopone, with descriptions of several exotic species of ants, The Annals and Magazine of Natural History 6, 81-89
  • Carpenter F. M. (1992) , Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology Part R, Arthropoda 4: Superclass Hexapoda 3/4, 1-655
  • Bolton B. (2003) Synopsis and classification of Formicidae, Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute 71, 1-370
  • Solórzano Kraemer M. M. (2007) Systematic, palaeoecology, and palaeobiogeography of the insect fauna from Mexican amber, Palaeontographica Abteilung A 282, 1-133
  • Bolton B. (2012) , Catalogue of Ants of the World
  • Ward P. S., Brady S. G., et al (2015) The evolution of myrmicine ants: phylogeny and biogeography of a hyperdiverse ant clade (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), Systematic Entomology 40, 61-81
  • Nomenclator Zoologicus. A list of the names of genera and subgenera in zoology from the tenth edition of Linnaeus, 1758 to the end of 2004. Digitised by uBio from vols. 1-9 of Neave (ed.), 1939-1996 plus supplementary digital-only volume. http://ubio.org/NomenclatorZoologicus (as at 2006).
  • Brands, S. J. (compiler) 1989-2005. Systema Naturae 2000. Amsterdam, The Netherlands (2006 version). Available online at http://sn2000.taxonomy.nl/.
  • Bolton (2013) Antweb. Family: Formicidae.
  • Bert Hölldobler and Edward O. Wilson (1990). The Ants. Cambridge: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-3-540-52092-4. 

Galeri[değiştir | kaynağı değiştir]

Dış bağlantılar[değiştir | kaynağı değiştir]

Kaynakça[değiştir | kaynağı değiştir]

  1. ^ "ITIS". 5 Kasım 2022 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 23 Kasım 2023. 
  2. ^ Reins, Dusty. "Species: Pogonomyrmex barbatus - Red Harvester Ant" (İngilizce). Wildcat Bluff Nature Center. 2 Nisan 2015 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. 
  3. ^ Drees, Bastiaan M. (Aralık 2002). "Medical Problems and Treatment Considerations for the Red Imported Fire Ant" (PDF) (İngilizce). Texas A&M University. 14 Mayıs 2013 tarihinde kaynağından (PDF) arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 24 Ekim 2021. 
  4. ^ "Red Imported Fire Ant - UC Statewide IPM Program" (İngilizce). University of California Agriculture & Natural Resources. 25 Nisan 2014. 5 Aralık 2003 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 24 Ekim 2021. 
  5. ^ Walter R. Tschinkel (2006). The Fire Ants. Cambridge: Belknap Press, Harvard University Press. s. 89. ISBN 978-0-674-02207-2. 
  6. ^ Horvitz, Carol C.; Turnbull, Christine; Harvey, Donald J. (1 Temmuz 1987). "Biology of Immature Eurybia elvina (Lepidoptera: Riodinidae), a Myrmecophilous Metalmark Butterfly". Annals of the Entomological Society of America. 80 (4). ss. 513-519. doi:10.1093/aesa/80.4.513. ISSN 0013-8746. 
  7. ^ Watt, Loren (2001). "Lycaena rubidus". Animal Diversity Web (İngilizce). 29 Mart 2017 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. 


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