Bir alanın kurucusu olarak tanımlanan İslam alimlerinin listesi

Vikipedi, özgür ansiklopedi

Aşağıda, bazı modern bilim insanları tarafından bir alanın kurucusu olarak tanımlanan Ortaçağ İslam medeniyetinin uluslararası alanda tanınan Müslüman alimlerinin bir listesi bulunmaktadır:

Ayrıca bakınız[değiştir | kaynağı değiştir]

Kaynakça[değiştir | kaynağı değiştir]

  1. ^ A (2002). "Neuroscience in Al Andalus and its influence on medieval scholastic medicine". Revista de Neurología. 34 (9): 877-92. doi:10.33588/rn.3409.2001382. PMID 12134355. 
  2. ^ SS (1983). "El Zahrawi (936-1013 AD), the father of operative surgery". Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England. 65 (6): 423. PMC 2494430 $2. PMID 6357042. 
  3. ^ Pharmacotherapeutics in Medical Disorders (İngilizce). Walter de Gruyter. 2012. ISBN 9783110276367. 24 Nisan 2021 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 18 Mart 2021. 
  4. ^ The Body: Social and Cultural Dissections (İngilizce). Routledge. 2014. ISBN 9781136771729. 24 Nisan 2021 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 18 Mart 2021. 
  5. ^ Global Surgery and Public Health: A New Paradigm (İngilizce). Jones & Bartlett Publishers. 2012. ISBN 9780763780487. 3 Mart 2021 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 18 Mart 2021. 
  6. ^ How Invention Begins: Echoes of Old Voices in the Rise of New MachinesBy John H. Lienhard
  7. ^ Sustainable Aviation by T. Hikmet Karakoc, C. Ozgur Colpan, Onder Altuntas, Yasin Sohret
  8. ^ "International Year of Light: Ibn al Haytham, pioneer of modern optics celebrated at UNESCO". UNESCO (İngilizce). 18 Eylül 2015 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 2 Haziran 2018. 
  9. ^ "The 'first true scientist'" (İngilizce). 2009. 13 Temmuz 2017 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 2 Haziran 2018. 
  10. ^ "Avicenna's Canon of Medicine: A Look at Health, Public Health, and Environmental Sanitation". Researchgate.net. 29 Mart 2020 tarihinde kaynağından (PDF) arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 6 Ocak 2018. 
  11. ^ Goodman (1953). "Notable contributors to the knowledge of dermatology". Medical Lay Press: 38. 
  12. ^ Islam in South Asia: Oxford Bibliographies Online Research Guide. Oxford University Press US. 2010. s. 10. ISBN 978-0-19-980644-7. 
  13. ^ G. Morgenstierne, "Al-Biruni, The Founder of Comparative Studies in Human Culture," in The Commemoration Volume of Biruni International Congress (Tehran: High Council for Culture and Art, 1973), 6.
  14. ^ Explorations in Daoism : medicine and alchemy in literature. Routledge. 2006. s. 147. ISBN 0-415-40460-6. 
  15. ^ Health sciences in early Islam : collected papers. Taylor & Francis. 1984. s. 220. ISBN 0-9608754-0-9. 
  16. ^ Gandz and Salomon (1936), The sources of Khwarizmi's algebra, Osiris i, pp. 263–77: .
  17. ^ The Legacy of Islam. 22 Mart 2012 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 29 Mayıs 2012. 
  18. ^ The impact of Islam on Christianity. American Friends of the Middle East. 1954. s. 3. 
  19. ^ A History of Islamic Spain. Edinburgh University Press. 1996. s. 131. ISBN 0748608478. 
  20. ^ "Al-Farabi, Founder of Islamic Neoplatonism". 15 Ekim 2008 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 26 Mayıs 2011. 
  21. ^ Fifty Eastern Thinkers. Routledge. 1999. s. 26. ISBN 0-203-00540-6. 
  22. ^ Islamic philosophy from its origin to the present : philosophy in the land of prophecy. State Univ. of New York Press. 2006. s. 110. ISBN 0-7914-6799-6. 
  23. ^ Encyclopedia of political theory. Sage Publications. 2010. s. 14. ISBN 978-1-4129-5865-3. 
  24. ^ Harley & Woodward, 1992, pp. 156–161.
  25. ^ The Legacy of Islam. Oxford University Press. 1945. 
  26. ^ Maimonides, medieval modernist. Beacon Press. 1967. 
  27. ^ Andalucía : a cultural history. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 2009. ss. 108-110. ISBN 978-0-19-537610-4. 
  28. ^ "John Carter Brown Library Exhibitions - Islamic encounters". 3 Haziran 2010 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 26 Mayıs 2011. 
  29. ^ "Ahmed, K. S. "Arabic Medicine: Contributions and Influence". The Proceedings of the 17th Annual History of Medicine Days, March 7th and 8th, 2008 Health Sciences Centre, Calgary, AB." (PDF). 22 Temmuz 2011 tarihinde kaynağından (PDF) arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 29 Mayıs 2011. 
  30. ^ The foundations of Islam : the making of a world faith. Londra: Peter Owen. 1997. ISBN 0-7206-1038-9. 
  31. ^ Teaching world civilization with joy and enthusiasm. University Press of America. 2004. s. 139. ISBN 0-7618-2747-1. 
  32. ^ A history of medicine. 1. Thomas. 1954. s. 239. 
  33. ^ Ahmad (Nov 1997). "Observations on early suture materials: the first stitch in time". The American Surgeon. 63 (11): 1027-8. ISSN 0003-1348. PMID 9358798. One of his best known treatises was on Diseases in Children, and in some circles he has been acclaimed as the father of pediatrics. 
  34. ^ The Cambridge History of Iran. 4. Cambridge University Press. 1975. s. 416. ISBN 0-521-20093-8. 
  35. ^ a b Tabassum (20 Nisan 2011). "Combatants, not bandits: the status of rebels in Islamic law". International Review of the Red Cross. 93 (881): 121-139. doi:10.1017/S1816383111000117. 
  36. ^ Global history of philosophy. Motilal Banarsidass. 1989. s. 38. ISBN 81-208-0552-6. 
  37. ^ Maimonides : the life and world of one of civilization's greatest minds. Doubleday. 2010. s. 204. ISBN 978-0-385-51200-8. 
  38. ^ "Al-Tusi_Nasir biography". www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk. 20 Mayıs 2006 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 5 Ağustos 2018. One of al-Tusi's most important mathematical contributions was the creation of trigonometry as a mathematical discipline in its own right rather than as just a tool for astronomical applications. In Treatise on the quadrilateral al-Tusi gave the first extant exposition of the whole system of plane and spherical trigonometry. This work is really the first in history on trigonometry as an independent branch of pure mathematics and the first in which all six cases for a right-angled spherical triangle are set forth. 
  39. ^ "the cambridge history of science". 24 Eylül 2017 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. 
  40. ^ "ṬUSI, NAṢIR-AL-DIN i. Biography – Encyclopaedia Iranica". www.iranicaonline.org (İngilizce). 17 Mayıs 2018 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 5 Ağustos 2018. His major contribution in mathematics (Nasr, 1996, pp. 208-14) is said to be in trigonometry, which for the first time was compiled by him as a new discipline in its own right. Spherical trigonometry also owes its development to his efforts, and this includes the concept of the six fundamental formulas for the solution of spherical right-angled triangles. 
  41. ^ "Islamic environmentalism: The call to eco-jihad - Qantara.de". Qantara.de - Dialogue with the Islamic World (İngilizce). 11 Aralık 2021 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 6 Kasım 2020. 
  42. ^ Foltz, Richard (2013). "Ecology in Islam". Runehov, Anne L. C.; Oviedo, Lluis (Ed.). Encyclopedia of Sciences and Religions. Springer. s. 675. ISBN 978-1402082641. 
  43. ^ Douhal, Abderrazzak; Lahmani, Françoise; Zewail, Ahmed H. (1996). "Proton-transfer reaction dynamics". Chemical Physics. 207 (2–3): 477-498. Bibcode:1996CP....207..477D. doi:10.1016/0301-0104(96)00067-5. ISSN 0301-0104.