Büyük varlık zinciri

Büyük varlık zinciri, Ortaçağ Hıristiyan düşüncesinde Tanrı tarafından kararlaştırıldığı düşünülmüş; maddenin, yaşamın ve hayali varlıkların tabi olduğu hiyerarşik düzendir. Zincir, Tanrı ile başlar ve aşağıya doğru melekleri, insanları, hayvanları, bitkileri ve mineralleri içerecek şekilde ilerler.^[1]^[2]^[3]

Büyük varlık zinciri (Latince: scala naturae, "Varlık merdiveni") kavramı Plato, Aristoteles (Historia Animalium eserinde), Plotinos ve Proklos'tan gelmektedir.^[4] Ortaçağ'da daha da gelişerek, erken modern Yeni Platonculuk'la tam anlamına kavuştu.^[5]^[6]

Kaynakça[değiştir | kaynağı değiştir]

^ Lovejoy 1960, s. 59.
^ Adams, Robert Merrihew (1999). Leibniz: Determinist, Theist, Idealist. New York: Oxford University Press. s. 113.
^ Wheeler, L. Kip. "The Chain of Being: Tillyard in a Nutshell". Carson-Newman University. Erişim tarihi: 16 November 2019.
^ "Great Chain of Being | Definition, Origin & Facts". Britannica. Erişim tarihi: April 1, 2021.
^ "This idea of a great chain of being can be traced to Plato's division of the world into the Forms, which are full beings, and sensible things, which are imitations of the Forms and are both being and not being. Aristotle's teleology recognized a perfect being, and he also arranges all animals by a single natural scale according to the degree of perfection of their souls. The idea of the great chain of being was fully developed in Neoplatonism and in the Middle Ages.", Blackwell Dictionary of Western Philosophy, p. 289 (2004)
^ Edward P. Mahoney, "Lovejoy and the Hierarchy of Being", Journal of the History of Ideas Vol. 48, No 2, pp. 211-230.

Lovejoy, Arthur O. (1960) [1936]. The Great Chain of Being: A Study of the History of an Idea. Harper.

Ek okuma[değiştir | kaynağı değiştir]

Miguel Espinoza, La Hiérarchie naturelle. Matière, vie, conscience et symbole, L'Harmattan, Paris, 2022 (978-2-14-030999-1).
Tillyard, E. M. W. (1942) The Elizabethan World Picture: A Study of the Idea of Order in the age of Shakespeare, Donne & Milton. New York: Random House

Dış bağlantılar[değiştir | kaynağı değiştir]

Dictionary of the History of Ideas – Chain of Being
The Great Chain of Being reflected in the work of Descartes, Spinoza & Leibniz. Archived 2008-08-28 at the Wayback Machine. Peter Suber, Earlham College, Indiana
The Chain of Being: Tillyard in a Nutshell

[FOOTNOTELovejoy196059-1] Lovejoy 1960, s. 59.

[2] Adams, Robert Merrihew (1999). Leibniz: Determinist, Theist, Idealist. New York: Oxford University Press. s. 113.

[Tillyard_Web-3] Wheeler, L. Kip. "The Chain of Being: Tillyard in a Nutshell". Carson-Newman University. Erişim tarihi: 16 November 2019.

[4] "Great Chain of Being | Definition, Origin & Facts". Britannica. Erişim tarihi: April 1, 2021.

[5] "This idea of a great chain of being can be traced to Plato's division of the world into the Forms, which are full beings, and sensible things, which are imitations of the Forms and are both being and not being. Aristotle's teleology recognized a perfect being, and he also arranges all animals by a single natural scale according to the degree of perfection of their souls. The idea of the great chain of being was fully developed in Neoplatonism and in the Middle Ages.", Blackwell Dictionary of Western Philosophy, p. 289 (2004)

[6] Edward P. Mahoney, "Lovejoy and the Hierarchy of Being", Journal of the History of Ideas Vol. 48, No 2, pp. 211-230.

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