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Termal tesisler

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Bad Kissingen'deki bir termal tesis

Termal tesisler, daha çok sıcak ve soğuk mineral sularının bir arada bulunduğu, sağlık, tedavi, balneoterapi ve dinlenme amaçlı tesislerin de yer aldığı komplekslerdir. Mineral kaplıca ve mineral kaynağı üzerine kurulu bir tatil beldesidir. Türkiye'de Yalova Termal Tesisleri, Adıge Cumhuriyeti'nde bunun gibi 4 ünlü termal tesis vardır.[1] AC'nde 1980 yılından beri ara verilmiş olan mineral su araştırmalarının 2008 yılında yeniden başlatılması gündemdedir.

Spa terimi, soğuk su veya mineral su tedavileri ve jeotermal banyoları da içerebilen hidroterapi hizmeti sunan kasaba veya tatil köyleri için kullanılır ve Spa, Belçika kasabasından gelir.[2]

Ülkelere göre termal tesisler

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The Slatina Spa
Image Town Province Temperature and output
Balchik (Tuzlata)Dobrich Province 43°25′K 28°10′D / 43.417°K 28.167°D / 43.417; 28.16733 °C; 20 L/s
BaniteSmolyan Province 41°37′K 25°01′D / 41.617°K 25.017°D / 41.617; 25.017
Banya, Blagoevgrad ProvinceBlagoevgrad Province 41°53′K 23°32′D / 41.883°K 23.533°D / 41.883; 23.53370 springs; 28-58 °C
Banya, Pazardzhik ProvincePazardzhik Province 42°28′K 24°08′D / 42.467°K 24.133°D / 42.467; 24.13338-42 °C; 20 L/s
Banya, Plovdiv ProvincePlovdiv Province 42°33′K 24°50′D / 42.550°K 24.833°D / 42.550; 24.83335-46 °C; 30 L/s
BedenSmolyan Province 41°43′K 24°29′D / 41.717°K 24.483°D / 41.717; 24.48376 °C; 12 L/s
Belchinski BaniSofia Province 42°21′K 23°23′D / 42.350°K 23.383°D / 42.350; 23.38337-39 °C
Burgas (Burgaski Mineralni Bani)Burgas Province 42°30′K 27°28′D / 42.500°K 27.467°D / 42.500; 27.46741 °C; 36 L/s
BankyaSofia City 42°42′K 23°08′D / 42.700°K 23.133°D / 42.700; 23.13336.5-37 °C; 24 L/s
ChiflikLovech Province 42°55′K 24°40′D / 42.917°K 24.667°D / 42.917; 24.6671 spring; 51 °C; 33 L/s
DevinSmolyan Province 41°44′K 24°24′D / 41.733°K 24.400°D / 41.733; 24.40037-44 °C; 83 L/s
DobrinishteBlagoevgrad Province 41°49′K 23°24′D / 41.817°K 23.400°D / 41.817; 23.40017 springs; 30-43 °C
Dolna BanyaSofia Province 42°17′K 23°46′D / 42.283°K 23.767°D / 42.283; 23.7672 springs; 26 °C and 62-65 °C; 25 L/s
Gotse DelchevBlagoevgrad Province 41°34′K 23°44′D / 41.567°K 23.733°D / 41.567; 23.73310 springs; 22 °C
Eleshnitsa Blagoevgrad Province
HisaryaPlovdiv Province 42°30′K 24°42′D / 42.500°K 24.700°D / 42.500; 24.70022 springs; 14-52°С; 46 L/s
KostenetsSofia Province 42°18′K 23°52′D / 42.300°K 23.867°D / 42.300; 23.86747-73 °C
Kostenets (village)Sofia Province 42°16′K 23°49′D / 42.267°K 23.817°D / 42.267; 23.81746 °C; 15 L/s
KyustendilKyustendil Province 42°17′K 22°41′D / 42.283°K 22.683°D / 42.283; 22.68371.5-73 °C; 33 L/s
MarikostinovoBlagoevgrad Province 41°26′K 23°21′D / 41.433°K 23.350°D / 41.433; 23.35063 °C; 20 L/s
MerichleriHaskovo Province 42°08′K 25°30′D / 42.133°K 25.500°D / 42.133; 25.5001 spring; 45 °С
MihalkovoPlovdiv Province 41°51′K 24°26′D / 41.850°K 24.433°D / 41.850; 24.433
Mineralni BaniHaskovo Province 41°56′K 25°21′D / 41.933°K 25.350°D / 41.933; 25.35015 springs; 54-56 °C; 36 L/s
Momin ProhodSofia Province 42°20′K 23°52′D / 42.333°K 23.867°D / 42.333; 23.8679 springs; 56 °C
Narechenski BaniPlovdiv Province 41°55′K 24°46′D / 41.917°K 24.767°D / 41.917; 24.76721.5-33 °С
OgnyanovoBlagoevgrad Province 41°37′K 23°48′D / 41.617°K 23.800°D / 41.617; 23.80030 springs; 39-43 °C; 70 L/s
Ovcha kupel (in Sofia)Sofia City 42°41′K 23°15′D / 42.683°K 23.250°D / 42.683; 23.25032 °C; 8 L/s
PancharevoSofia City 42°35′K 23°24′D / 42.583°K 23.400°D / 42.583; 23.40048 °C; 12 L/s
Pavel BanyaStara Zagora Province 42°36′K 25°12′D / 42.600°K 25.200°D / 42.600; 25.2007 springs; 50-61°С; 16 L/s
PchelinSofia Province 42°20′48.67″K 23°48′23.18″D / 42.3468528°K 23.8064389°D / 42.3468528; 23.806438973°С; 13 L/s
RupiteBlagoevgrad Province 41°26′K 23°15′D / 41.433°K 23.250°D / 41.433; 23.250holly spring;76 °C; 35 L/s
Saints Constantine and HelenaVarna Province 43°14′K 28°01′D / 43.233°K 28.017°D / 43.233; 28.017
SandanskiBlagoevgrad Province 41°34′K 23°17′D / 41.567°K 23.283°D / 41.567; 23.28320 springs; 41-83°С; 21 L/s
Sapareva BanyaKyustendil Province 42°17′K 23°16′D / 42.283°K 23.267°D / 42.283; 23.267103 °С
ShipkovoLovech Province 42°53′K 24°33′D / 42.883°K 24.550°D / 42.883; 24.55018-38 °C; 10 L/s
Slivenski Mineralni BaniSliven Province 42°41′K 26°20′D / 42.683°K 26.333°D / 42.683; 26.33348 °C; 17 L/s
SofyaSofia City 42°42′K 23°20′D / 42.700°K 23.333°D / 42.700; 23.333
Starozagorski BaniStara Zagora Province 42°27′K 25°30′D / 42.450°K 25.500°D / 42.450; 25.50042 °C; 20 L/s
Stefan KaradzhovoYambol Province 42°13′K 26°50′D / 42.217°K 26.833°D / 42.217; 26.83321 °C; 13 L/s
StrelchaPazardzhik Province 42°30′K 24°19′D / 42.500°K 24.317°D / 42.500; 24.31736-56 °C; 18 L/s
Sunny BeachBurgas Province 42°42′K 27°42′D / 42.700°K 27.700°D / 42.700; 27.70028-34 °C; 4.6 L/s
VarshetsMontana Province 43°11′K 23°17′D / 43.183°K 23.283°D / 43.183; 23.28336.4-38 °C; 15 L/s
VarvaraPazardzhik Province 42°09′K 24°08′D / 42.150°K 24.133°D / 42.150; 24.13315 springs; 92 °C
VelingradPazardzhik Province 42°01′K 24°00′D / 42.017°K 24.000°D / 42.017; 24.00080 springs; 28-96 °C; 170 L/s
Voneshta VodaVeliko Tarnovo Province 42°52′K 25°39′D / 42.867°K 25.650°D / 42.867; 25.650
Zheleznitsa Sofia Province
Binz on Rugia Island, Germany

Emilia Romagna

Umbria

Abruzzo

Image Town or village Voivodeship Coordinates Notes Refs
Augustów Podlaskie 53°51′K 22°58′D / 53.850°K 22.967°D / 53.850; 22.967
[4]
Busko-Zdrój Świętokrzyskie 50°28′K 20°43′D / 50.467°K 20.717°D / 50.467; 20.717
Ciechocinek Kuyavian-Pomeranian 52°52′0″K 18°48′0″D / 52.86667°K 18.80000°D / 52.86667; 18.80000
[5][6]
Cieplice Śląskie-Zdrój
(a former town, now a district of Jelenia Góra)
Lower Silesian 50°54′12″K 15°44′4″D / 50.90333°K 15.73444°D / 50.90333; 15.73444
[5]
Czerniawa-Zdrój
(a former village, now a district of Świeradów-Zdrój)
Lower Silesian 50°54′K 15°18′D / 50.900°K 15.300°D / 50.900; 15.300
Dąbki West Pomeranian 54°22′52″K 16°18′59″D / 54.38111°K 16.31639°D / 54.38111; 16.31639
Długopole-Zdrój Lower Silesian 50°14′52″K 16°37′52″D / 50.24778°K 16.63111°D / 50.24778; 16.63111
Duszniki-Zdrój Lower Silesian 50°24′K 16°23′D / 50.400°K 16.383°D / 50.400; 16.383 [5]
Gołdap Warmian-Masurian 54°18′58″K 22°18′34″D / 54.31611°K 22.30944°D / 54.31611; 22.30944
Goczałkowice-Zdrój Silesian 49°56′K 18°58′D / 49.933°K 18.967°D / 49.933; 18.967
Horyniec-Zdrój Subcarpathian 50°11′26″K 23°21′43″D / 50.19056°K 23.36194°D / 50.19056; 23.36194
Inowrocław Kuyavian-Pomeranian 52°48′K 18°16′D / 52.800°K 18.267°D / 52.800; 18.267
Iwonicz-Zdrój Subcarpathian 49°34′24″K 21°47′37″D / 49.57333°K 21.79361°D / 49.57333; 21.79361
[5]
Jastrzębie-Zdrój Silesian 49°57′K 18°35′D / 49.950°K 18.583°D / 49.950; 18.583
Jedlina-Zdrój Lower Silesian 50°43′K 16°20′D / 50.717°K 16.333°D / 50.717; 16.333
Kamień Pomorski West Pomeranian 53°58′K 14°46′D / 53.967°K 14.767°D / 53.967; 14.767
Kołobrzeg West Pomeranian 54°11′K 15°35′D / 54.183°K 15.583°D / 54.183; 15.583
Konstancin-Jeziorna Masovian 52°05′K 21°07′D / 52.083°K 21.117°D / 52.083; 21.117
Krasnobród Lublin 50°32′41″K 23°13′5″D / 50.54472°K 23.21806°D / 50.54472; 23.21806
Krynica-Zdrój Lesser Poland 49°26′K 20°58′D / 49.433°K 20.967°D / 49.433; 20.967
Kudowa-Zdrój Lower Silesian 50°26′K 16°14′D / 50.433°K 16.233°D / 50.433; 16.233
Lądek-Zdrój Lower Silesian 50°20′37″K 16°52′47″D / 50.34361°K 16.87972°D / 50.34361; 16.87972 [5]
Międzyzdroje West Pomeranian 53°56′K 14°27′D / 53.933°K 14.450°D / 53.933; 14.450
Muszyna Lesser Poland 49°21′30″K 20°54′00″D / 49.35833°K 20.90000°D / 49.35833; 20.90000
Nałęczów Lublin 51°17′10″K 22°13′00″D / 51.28611°K 22.21667°D / 51.28611; 22.21667
Piwniczna-Zdrój Lesser Poland 49°26′7″K 20°42′41″D / 49.43528°K 20.71139°D / 49.43528; 20.71139
Polanica-Zdrój Lower Silesian 50°24′K 16°31′D / 50.400°K 16.517°D / 50.400; 16.517
Polańczyk Subcarpathian 49°22′10″K 22°25′11″D / 49.36944°K 22.41972°D / 49.36944; 22.41972
Połczyn-Zdrój West Pomeranian 53°46′K 16°06′D / 53.767°K 16.100°D / 53.767; 16.100
Przerzeczyn-Zdrój Lower Silesian 50°41′K 16°49′D / 50.683°K 16.817°D / 50.683; 16.817
Rabka-Zdrój Lesser Poland 49°36′30″K 19°58′0″D / 49.60833°K 19.96667°D / 49.60833; 19.96667
Rymanów-Zdrój Subcarpathian 49°33′K 21°51′D / 49.550°K 21.850°D / 49.550; 21.850
Solec-Zdrój Świętokrzyskie 50°21′59″K 20°53′13″D / 50.36639°K 20.88694°D / 50.36639; 20.88694
Solina Subcarpathian 49°23′K 22°28′D / 49.383°K 22.467°D / 49.383; 22.467
Sopot Pomeranian 54°27′K 18°34′D / 54.450°K 18.567°D / 54.450; 18.567
Supraśl Podlaskie 53°12′40″K 23°20′15″D / 53.21111°K 23.33750°D / 53.21111; 23.33750
Szczawnica Lesser Poland 49°25′30″K 20°29′00″D / 49.42500°K 20.48333°D / 49.42500; 20.48333
Szczawno-Zdrój Lower Silesian 50°47′58″K 16°15′18″D / 50.79944°K 16.25500°D / 50.79944; 16.25500
Świeradów-Zdrój Lower Silesian 50°54′K 15°20′D / 50.900°K 15.333°D / 50.900; 15.333
Świnoujście West Pomeranian 53°55′K 14°15′D / 53.917°K 14.250°D / 53.917; 14.250
Uniejów Łódź 51°58′12″K 18°48′1″D / 51.97000°K 18.80028°D / 51.97000; 18.80028
Ustka Pomeranian 54°35′K 16°51′D / 54.583°K 16.850°D / 54.583; 16.850
Ustroń Silesian 49°43′9.82″K 18°48′43″D / 49.7193944°K 18.81194°D / 49.7193944; 18.81194
Wapienne Lesser Poland 49°37′31″K 21°17′11″D / 49.62528°K 21.28639°D / 49.62528; 21.28639
Wieliczka Lesser Poland 49°59′K 20°04′D / 49.983°K 20.067°D / 49.983; 20.067
Wieniec-Zdrój Kuyavian-Pomeranian 52°39′24″K 18°59′18″D / 52.65667°K 18.98833°D / 52.65667; 18.98833
Wysowa-Zdrój Lesser Poland 49°26′K 21°11′D / 49.433°K 21.183°D / 49.433; 21.183
Zakopane Lesser Poland 49°18′K 19°58′D / 49.300°K 19.967°D / 49.300; 19.967
Żegiestów Lesser Poland 49°23′K 20°48′D / 49.383°K 20.800°D / 49.383; 20.800

Güney Kore (한국, 남한)

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Birleşik Krallık

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  1. Burns, D. Thorburn (1981). "Thomas Guidott (1638–1705): Physician and Chymist, contributor to the analysis of mineral waters". Analytical Proceedings. 18 (1): 2-6. doi:10.1039/AP9811800002.
  2. "Healing Waters; Investigative Files (Skeptical Briefs June 2005)". 24 Ekim 2007 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 3 Şubat 2008.
  3. "VICTORIAN MINERAL SPRINGS: STRATEGIC MASTERPLAN 2015-2024". Victorian Mineral Water Committee. s. 3. 7 Mayıs 2025 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 22 Haziran 2025.
  4. "Augustów". 28 Ağustos 2008 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 17 Haziran 2011.
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 Kepinska, Beata (March 2002). "Thermal springs and spas in Poland" (PDF). Polish Academy of Sciences Mineral and Energy Economy Research Institute Geothermal Laboratory. 24 Temmuz 2011 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi (PDF). Erişim tarihi: 17 Haziran 2011.
  6. Rozporządzenie Prezydenta Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej z dnia 22 listopada 2017 r. w sprawie uznania za pomnik historii "Ciechocinek - zespół tężni i warzelni soli wraz z parkami Tężniowym i Zdrojowym", Dz. U. z 2017 r. poz. 2276
  7. "Reservoir Capital Corp.: 20MW Potential Estimated for the Vranjska Banja Geothermal Project". 23 Ocak 2012. Erişim tarihi: 3 Şubat 2012.
  8. Hembry, Phyllis M.; Cowie, Leonard W.; Cowie, Evelyn E. (1997). British Spas From 1815 to the Present: A Social History. Madison, NJ: Fairleigh Dickinson University Press. ss. 15-21. ISBN 0485115026. LCCN 96043104. OCLC 917054559.
  9. Mather, John D. (2013). "Britain's spa heritage: a hydrogeological appraisal". Duffin, C. J.; Moody, R. T. J.; Gardner-Thorpe, C. (Ed.). A History of Geology and Medicine. Special Publications. 375. Londra: The Geological Society. ss. 243-260. ISBN 978-1862393561.
  10. "Nostalgia on Tuesday: Village of change". The Yorkshire Post. Leeds. 24 Temmuz 2014. 15 Nisan 2020 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 15 Nisan 2020.
  11. Smith, Gordon (2013). Askern Spa (2. bas.). Gordon Smith. ISBN 978-1490998336.
  12. Collyer, Robert; Turner, J. Horsfall (1885). Ilkley: Ancient & Modern (PDF). Otley: WM Walker. Erişim tarihi: 15 Nisan 2020.
  13. Knight, T. (1835). History of the Dorton Chalybeate (4. bas.). Londra: Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, Green & Longman. Erişim tarihi: 15 Nisan 2020.
  14. Kelly's Directory – Lincolnshire (PDF). Londra: Kelly's Directories Ltd. 1919. ss. 611-614. 16 Ocak 2021 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi (PDF). Erişim tarihi: 14 Nisan 2020.

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