Sarkazm

Sarkazm (Yunanca:"σαρκασμός (sarkasmós)", iğneleme veya alaycılık; genellikle biriyle alay etmek veya sinirlendirmek amacıyla kullanılan hicivli ifadedir.^[1] Birisiyle veya bir şeyle alay etmek için genellikle mizahi bir şekilde sözcüklerin iğneleyici bir şekilde kullanılmasıdır.^[2] Alaycılıkta ikirciklilik kullanabilir.^[3] Sözcüklerde en çok göze çarpan alaycılık esasen konuşulduğu tonlamayla^[4] veya gizli bir ironi ile yorumun durumla aşırı orantısızlığıyla ayırt edilir ve büyük ölçüde bağlama bağlıdır.^[5]

Sarkazm kişinin kendisine ya da başkalarına yönelik olabilir. Eleştirme, eğlenme ya da konuşulması zor konulara değinme gibi amaçları olabilir.^[6]

Kaynakça[değiştir | kaynağı değiştir]

^ "Definition of SARCASM". www.merriam-webster.com (İngilizce). 8 Aralık 2005 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 4 Ekim 2021.
^ Partridge, Eric (1969). Usage and Abusage: A Guide to Good English. Penguin Press. ISBN 978-0-393-31709-1. Irony must not be confused with sarcasm, which is direct: sarcasm means precisely what it says, but in a sharp, bitter, cutting, caustic, or acerbic manner: it is the instrument of indignation, a weapon of offence, whereas irony is one of the vehicles of wit. In Locke's 'If ideas were innate, it would save much trouble to many worthy persons', worthy is ironical; the principal clause as a whole is sarcastic as also is the complete sentence. Both are instruments of satire and vituperation.
^ Rockwell, P. A. (2006). Sarcasm and Other Mixed Messages: The Ambiguous Ways People Use Language. Lewiston, New York: Edwin Mellen Press. ISBN 978-0-7734-5917-5.
^ "Irony". Dictionary.com. 27 Mart 2012 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. The distinctive quality of sarcasm is present in the spoken word and manifested chiefly by vocal inflection, whereas satire and irony arising originally as literary and rhetorical forms, are exhibited in the organization or structuring of either language or literary material.
^ Campbell, JD. (2012). Investigating Components of Sarcastic Context. 24 Nisan 2021 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. The findings ... show that the target sentences, when presented in isolation, were not seen as being conventionally sarcastic in nature. These same target sentences, however, when surrounded by contextual information provided by the participants asked to create a sarcastic context, were later coded as being sarcastic by a naïve rater.
^ "Sarcasm". TCK Publishing. 20 Eylül 2020 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi.

Dış bağlantılar[değiştir | kaynağı değiştir]

BBC News Magazine - The rules of sarcasm 28 Kasım 2015 tarihinde Wayback Machine sitesinde arşivlendi.

[1] "Definition of SARCASM". www.merriam-webster.com (İngilizce). 8 Aralık 2005 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 4 Ekim 2021.

[2] Partridge, Eric (1969). Usage and Abusage: A Guide to Good English. Penguin Press. ISBN 978-0-393-31709-1. Irony must not be confused with sarcasm, which is direct: sarcasm means precisely what it says, but in a sharp, bitter, cutting, caustic, or acerbic manner: it is the instrument of indignation, a weapon of offence, whereas irony is one of the vehicles of wit. In Locke's 'If ideas were innate, it would save much trouble to many worthy persons', worthy is ironical; the principal clause as a whole is sarcastic as also is the complete sentence. Both are instruments of satire and vituperation.

[3] Rockwell, P. A. (2006). Sarcasm and Other Mixed Messages: The Ambiguous Ways People Use Language. Lewiston, New York: Edwin Mellen Press. ISBN 978-0-7734-5917-5.

[4] "Irony". Dictionary.com. 27 Mart 2012 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. The distinctive quality of sarcasm is present in the spoken word and manifested chiefly by vocal inflection, whereas satire and irony arising originally as literary and rhetorical forms, are exhibited in the organization or structuring of either language or literary material.

[5] Campbell, JD. (2012). Investigating Components of Sarcastic Context. 24 Nisan 2021 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. The findings ... show that the target sentences, when presented in isolation, were not seen as being conventionally sarcastic in nature. These same target sentences, however, when surrounded by contextual information provided by the participants asked to create a sarcastic context, were later coded as being sarcastic by a naïve rater.

[6] "Sarcasm". TCK Publishing. 20 Eylül 2020 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi.

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