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==Nedenleri==
==Nedenleri==
===Akut===
===Akut===
;Viral hepatitler (15 aile)
;[[Viral hepatitler]] (15 aile)
*Adenoviridae: Adenovirüsler
**[[Adenoviridae]]: [[Adenoviruses]]
**[[Arenavirus]]: [[Guanarito virus]],<ref name=Miguet1990>{{cite journal |author=Miguet JP, Coaquette A, Bresson-Hadni S, Lab M |title=[The other types of viral hepatitis] |language=French |journal=Rev Prat |volume=40 |issue=18 |pages=1656–9|year=1990 |month=June |pmid=2164704 }}</ref> [[Junín virus]],<ref name="Miguet1990" /> [[Lassa fever virus]],<ref name="Miguet1990" /> [[Lujo virus]],<ref name=Briese2009>{{cite journal |author=Briese T, Paweska JT, McMullan LK, ''et al.''|title=Genetic detection and characterization of Lujo virus, a new hemorrhagic fever-associated arenavirus from southern Africa|journal=PLoS Pathog. |volume=5 |issue=5 |pages=e1000455 |year=2009 |month=May |pmid=19478873 |pmc=2680969|doi=10.1371/journal.ppat.1000455 |url=http://dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1000455}}</ref> [[Machupo virus]]<ref name="Miguet1990" /> and [[Sabiá virus]]<ref name="Miguet1990" />
*Arenaviruses: Guanarito virüsü, [14] Junín virüsü, [14] Lassa ateşi virüsü, [14] LUJO virüsü, [15] Machupo virüsü [14], Sabiá virüsü [14]
**[[Bunyavirus]]: [[Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus]],<ref name=Appannanavar2011>{{cite journal |author=Appannanavar SB, Mishra B |title=An update on crimean congo hemorrhagic Fever |journal=J Glob Infect Dis |volume=3 |issue=3 |pages=285–92|year=2011 |month=July |pmid=21887063 |pmc=3162818 |doi=10.4103/0974-777X.83537 |url=http://www.jgid.org/article.asp?issn=0974-777X;year=2011;volume=3;issue=3;spage=285;epage=292;aulast=Appannanavar}}</ref> [[Dobrava virus]],<ref name=Peters2002>{{cite journal |author=Peters W |title=Novel and challenging infections of man. A brief overview|journal=Parassitologia |volume=44 |issue=1-2 |pages=33–42 |year=2002 |month=June |pmid=12404808 }}</ref> [[Hantaan virus]],<ref name=Glass1994>{{cite journal |author=Glass GE, Watson AJ, LeDuc JW, Childs JE |title=Domestic cases of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in the United States |journal=Nephron |volume=68 |issue=1 |pages=48–51 |year=1994|pmid=7991040 }}</ref> [[Puumala virus]],<ref name=Olsson2010>{{cite journal |author=Olsson GE, Leirs H, Henttonen H|title=Hantaviruses and their hosts in Europe: reservoirs here and there, but not everywhere? |journal=Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis. |volume=10 |issue=6 |pages=549–61 |year=2010 |month=August |pmid=20795916 |doi=10.1089/vbz.2009.0138 }}</ref> [[Rift Valley fever virus]],<ref name=Ikegami2011>{{cite journal |author=Ikegami T, Makino S |title=The pathogenesis of Rift Valley fever |journal=Viruses |volume=3 |issue=5 |pages=493–519 |year=2011 |month=May |pmid=21666766 |pmc=3111045|doi=10.3390/v3050493 }}</ref> [[Seoul virus]]<ref name=Burke2011>{{cite journal |author=Burke RL, Kronmann KC, Daniels CC,''et al.'' |title=A Review of Zoonotic Disease Surveillance Supported by the Armed Forces Health Surveillance Center|journal=Zoonoses Public Health |year=2011 |month=November |pmid=22128834 |doi=10.1111/j.1863-2378.2011.01440.x |volume=59|issue=3 |pages=164–75}}</ref> and [[SFTS virus]]<ref name = "Xue-jie Yu et al.">Fever with thrombocytopenia associated with a novel Bunyavirus in China. N Engl J Med. 2011 Mar 16. [http://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa1010095#t=article Full text]</ref>
*Bunyavirusler: Kırım-Kongo kanamalı ateşi virüsü, [16] Dobrava virüs, [17] Hantaan virüs, [18] Puumala virüs, [19] Rift Vadisi Humması virüsü, [20] Seul virüsü [21] ve SFTS virüsü [22]
**[[Coronaviridae]]: [[SARS coronavirus|Severe acute respiratory syndrome virus]]<ref name=Weiss2011>{{cite journal|author=Weiss SR, Leibowitz JL |title=Coronavirus pathogenesis |journal=Adv. Virus Res. |volume=81 |pages=85–164 |year=2011|pmid=22094080 |doi=10.1016/B978-0-12-385885-6.00009-2|url=http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/B978-0-12-385885-6.00009-2}}</ref>
*Coronaviridae: Şiddetli akut solunum yolu sendromu virüsü [23]
**[[Erythrovirus]]: [[Parvovirus B19]]<ref name="pmid9606764">{{cite journal |author=Naides SJ |title=Rheumatic manifestations of parvovirus B19 infection |journal=Rheum. Dis. Clin. North Am. |volume=24 |issue=2 |pages=375–401 |year=1998 |month=May|pmid=9606764 |doi=10.1016/S0889-857X(05)70014-4}}</ref>
*Erythrovirus: Parvovirus B19 [24]
**[[Flavivirus]]: [[Akhurma virus]],<ref name=Charrel2003>{{cite journal |author=Charrel RN, de Lamballerie X |title=[The Alkhurma virus (family Flaviviridae, genus Flavivirus): an emerging pathogen responsible for hemorrhage fever in the Middle East] |language=French |journal=Med Trop (Mars) |volume=63 |issue=3 |pages=296–9 |year=2003 |pmid=14579470 }}</ref>[[Dengue]],<ref name=Ramos-De2011>{{cite journal |author=Ramos-De La Medina A, Remes-Troche JM, González-Medina MF, ''et al.''|title=[Abdominal and gastrointestinal symptoms of Dengue fever. Analysis of a cohort of 8559 patients] |language=Spanish; Castilian |journal=Gastroenterol Hepatol |volume=34 |issue=4 |pages=243–7 |year=2011 |month=April |pmid=21474206|doi=10.1016/j.gastrohep.2011.01.012 |url=http://www.elsevier.es/en/linksolver/ft/pii/S0210-5705(11)00125-7}}</ref> [[Hepatitis C]], [[Kyasanur Forest disease|Kyasanur Forest disease virus]],<ref name=Gritsun2003>{{cite journal |author=Gritsun TS, Nuttall PA, Gould EA |title=Tick-borne flaviviruses |journal=Adv. Virus Res. |volume=61 |pages=317–71 |year=2003 |pmid=14714436}}</ref> [[Omsk hemorrhagic fever|Omsk hemorrhagic fever virus]],<ref name="Gritsun2003" /> [[Yellow fever]]
*Flavi virüsler: Akhurma virüsü, [25] Dang, [26] Hepatit C, Kyasanur Forest hastalığı virüsü, [27] Omsk hemorajik ateşi virüsü, [27] Sarıhumma virüsü
**[[Filovirus]]: [[Ebola virus]] and [[Marburg virus]]<ref name=Tandon1987>{{cite journal |author=Tandon BN, Acharya SK|title=Viral diseases involving the liver |journal=Baillieres Clin. Gastroenterol. |volume=1 |issue=2 |pages=211–30 |year=1987|month=April |pmid=2822180 }}</ref>
*Filovirusler: Ebola virüsü ve Marburg virüsü [28]
*Hepadnaviridae: Hepatit B
**[[Hepadnaviridae]]: [[Hepatitis B]]
*Hepeviridae: Hepatit E
**[[Hepeviridae]]: [[Hepatitis E]]
**[[Herpesvirus]]: [[Cytomegalovirus]],<ref name=Xiong2010>{{cite journal |author=Xiong W |title=[Clinical efficacy of treating infant cytomegalovirus hepatitis with ganciclovir and impact on cytokines] |language=Chinese |journal=Xi Bao Yu Fen Zi Mian Yi Xue Za Zhi |volume=26 |issue=11 |pages=1130–2 |year=2010 |month=November |pmid=21322282 }}</ref> [[Epstein Barr virus]],<ref name=Okano2011>{{cite journal |author=Okano M, Gross TG |title=Acute or Chronic Life-Threatening Diseases Associated With Epstein-Barr Virus Infection |journal=Am. J. Med. Sci. |year=2011 |month=November |pmid=22104426|doi=10.1097/MAJ.0b013e318236e02d |volume=343 |issue=6 |pages=483–9}}</ref> [[Varicella zoster virus]], [[Human herpesvirus 6]], [[Human herpesvirus 7]] and [[Human herpesvirus 8]]<ref name=GallegosOrozco2010>{{cite journal |author=Gallegos-Orozco JF, Rakela-Brödner J |title=Hepatitis viruses: not always what it seems to be |journal=Rev Med Chil |volume=138 |issue=10|pages=1302–11 |year=2010 |month=October |pmid=21279280 |doi= 10.4067/S0034-98872010001100016|url=http://www.scielo.cl/cgi-bin/fbpe/fbtext?pid=S0034-98872010001100016&lng=en&nrm=iso&tlng=en}}</ref>
*Herpesvirüsleri: Sitomegalovirus, [29] Epstein Barr virüsü, [30] Varisella zoster virüsü, insan herpes virüs 6, İnsan herpesvirus 7 ve İnsan Herpes Virüsü 8 [31]
**[[Orthomyxovirus]]: [[Influenza]]<ref name=Papic2011>{{cite journal |author=Papic N, Pangercic A, Vargovic M, Barsic B, Vince A, Kuzman I |title=Liver involvement during influenza infection: perspective on the 2009 influenza pandemic|journal=Influenza Other Respi Viruses |year=2011 |month=September |pmid=21951624 |doi=10.1111/j.1750-2659.2011.00287.x|volume=6 |issue=3 |pages=e2–5}}</ref>
*Orthomyxoviruses: Grip [32]
*Parvoviridae: Parvovirus B19 [24]
**[[Parvoviridae]]: [[Parvovirus B19]]<ref name="pmid9606764"/>
**[[Picornavirus]]: [[Echovirus]],<ref name=Bondarenko1992>{{cite journal |author=Bondarenko VI, Zadorozhnaia VI |title=[The role of enteroviruses in the etiology of diseases of the pancreas, kidneys and liver] |language=Russian |journal=Lik. Sprava|issue=3 |pages=58–62 |year=1992 |month=March |pmid=1329355 }}</ref> [[Hepatitis A]]
*Picornavirusler: Echovirus, [33] Hepatit A
**[[Reovirus]]: [[Colorado tick fever|Colorado tick fever virus]],<ref name=Zaidi2002>{{cite journal |author=Zaidi SA, Singer C|title=Gastrointestinal and hepatic manifestations of tickborne diseases in the United States |journal=Clin. Infect. Dis.|volume=34 |issue=9 |pages=1206–12 |year=2002 |month=May |pmid=11941547 |doi=10.1086/339871|url=http://www.cid.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=11941547}}</ref> [[Reovirus 3]]<ref name=Organ1998>{{cite journal |author=Organ EL, Rubin DH |title=Pathogenesis of reovirus gastrointestinal and hepatobiliary disease |journal=Curr. Top. Microbiol. Immunol. |volume=233 |issue=Pt 2 |pages=67–83 |year=1998 |pmid=9599932 }}</ref>
*Reovirüs: Kolorado kene ateşi virüsü, [34] reovirüsü 3 [35]
*Atanmamış aile: Hepatit D
**Atanmamış: [[Hepatitis D]]


;Bakteri
;Bakteri
*Anaplasma <ref name=Heyman2010>{{cite journal |author=Heyman P, Cochez C, Hofhuis A, ''et al.'' |title=A clear and present danger: tick-borne diseases in Europe |journal=Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther |volume=8 |issue=1 |pages=33–50 |year=2010|month=January |pmid=20014900 |doi=10.1586/eri.09.118 |url=http://www.future-drugs.com/doi/abs/10.1586/eri.09.118?url_ver=Z39.88-2003&rfr_id=ori:rid:crossref.org&rfr_dat=cr_pub%3dpubmed}}</ref>
*Anaplasma [36]
*[[Babesia]] <ref name="Siński2011">{{cite journal |author=Siński E, Welc-Faleciak R, Pogłód R |title=Babesia spp. infections transmitted through blood transfusion |journal=Wiad Parazytol |volume=57 |issue=2 |pages=77–81 |year=2011|pmid=21682090 }}</ref>
*Babesia [37]
**''[[Bartonella]]''<ref name=Massei2005>{{cite journal |author=Massei F, Gori L, Macchia P, Maggiore G |title=The expanded spectrum of bartonellosis in children |journal=Infect. Dis. Clin. North Am. |volume=19 |issue=3 |pages=691–711 |year=2005|month=September |pmid=16102656 |doi=10.1016/j.idc.2005.06.001|url=http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0891-5520(05)00064-4}}</ref>
*Bartonella [38]
**''[[Chlamydia trachomatis]]''<ref name=Yang2008>{{cite journal |author=Yang HW, Jung SH, Han HY, ''et al.'' |title=[Clinical feature of Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome: analysis of 25 cases] |language=Korean |journal=Korean J Hepatol |volume=14 |issue=2|pages=178–84 |year=2008 |month=June |pmid=18617765 |doi=10.3350/kjhep.2008.14.2.178|url=http://www.koreanjhepatol.org/journal/view.php?year=2008&vol=14&no=2&spage=178}}</ref>
*Chlamydia trachomatis [39]
**''[[Coxiella burnetii]]''<ref>{{cite book |chapter=Figure 7.12 (Some causes of acute parenchymal damage) |editor=Parveen, M.D. Kumar, Michael, M.D. Clark |title=Clinical Medicine |publisher=W.B. Saunders |location=Philadelphia, PA |year=2005|isbn=0-7020-2763-4 }}</ref>
*Coxiella burnetii [40]
**''[[Ehrlichia]]''<ref name=Blanco2002>{{cite journal |author=Blanco JR, Oteo JA |title=Human granulocytic ehrlichiosis in Europe |journal=Clin. Microbiol. Infect. |volume=8 |issue=12 |pages=763–72 |year=2002 |month=December |pmid=12519349|url=http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/openurl?genre=article&sid=nlm:pubmed&issn=1198-743X&date=2002&volume=8&issue=12&spage=763}}</ref>
*Ehrlichia [41]
*Leptospira
**''[[Leptospira]]''
**''[[Listeria]]''<ref name=Scholing2007>{{cite journal |author=Scholing M, Schneeberger PM, van den Dries P, Drenth JP|title=Clinical features of liver involvement in adult patients with listeriosis. Review of the literature |journal=Infection|volume=35 |issue=4 |pages=212–8 |year=2007 |month=June |pmid=17646920 |doi=10.1007/s15010-007-6006-2 }}</ref>
*Listeria [42]
**''[[Mycobacterium tuberculosis]]''<ref name=Drebber2008>{{cite journal |author=Drebber U, Kasper HU, Ratering J, ''et al.''|title=Hepatic granulomas: histological and molecular pathological approach to differential diagnosis--a study of 442 cases|journal=Liver Int. |volume=28 |issue=6 |pages=828–34 |year=2008 |month=July |pmid=18312287|doi=10.1111/j.1478-3231.2008.01695.x }}</ref>
*Mycobacterium tuberculosis [43]
**''[[Nocardia]]''<ref name=Raby1990>{{cite journal |author=Raby N, Forbes G, Williams R |title=Nocardia infection in patients with liver transplants or chronic liver disease: radiologic findings |journal=Radiology |volume=174 |issue=3 Pt 1 |pages=713–6|year=1990 |month=March |pmid=2406779 |url=http://radiology.rsnajnls.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=2406779}}</ref>
*Nocardia [44]
**''[[Novosphingobium aromaticivorans]]''<ref name=Mohammed2009>{{cite journal |author=Mohammed JP, Mattner J |title=Autoimmune disease triggered by infection with alphaproteobacteria |journal=Expert Rev Clin Immunol |volume=5 |issue=4 |pages=369–379|year=2009 |month=July |pmid=20161124 |pmc=2742979 |doi=10.1586/ECI.09.23 }}</ref><ref name=Kaplan2004>{{cite journal|author=Kaplan MM |title=Novosphingobium aromaticivorans: a potential initiator of primary biliary cirrhosis |journal=Am. J. Gastroenterol. |volume=99 |issue=11 |pages=2147–9 |year=2004 |month=November |pmid=15554995|doi=10.1111/j.1572-0241.2004.41121.x }}</ref><ref name=Selmi2004>{{cite journal |author=Selmi C, Gershwin ME |title=Bacteria and human autoimmunity: the case of primary biliary cirrhosis |journal=Curr Opin Rheumatol |volume=16 |issue=4 |pages=406–10|year=2004 |month=July |pmid=15201604|url=http://meta.wkhealth.com/pt/pt-core/template-journal/lwwgateway/media/landingpage.htm?issn=1040-8711&volume=16&issue=4&spage=406}}</ref><ref name=Selmi2003>{{cite journal |author=Selmi C, Balkwill DL, Invernizzi P, ''et al.'' |title=Patients with primary biliary cirrhosis react against a ubiquitous xenobiotic-metabolizing bacterium|journal=Hepatology |volume=38 |issue=5 |pages=1250–7 |year=2003 |month=November |pmid=14578864 |doi=10.1053/jhep.2003.50446}}</ref>
*Novosphingobium aromaticivorans [45] [46] [47] [48]
**''[[Orientia tsutsugamushi]]''<ref name=Yen2003>{{cite journal |author=Yen TH, Chang CT, Lin JL, Jiang JR, Lee KF|title=Scrub typhus: a frequently overlooked cause of acute renal failure |journal=Ren Fail |volume=25 |issue=3 |pages=397–410|year=2003 |month=May |pmid=12803503 }}</ref><ref name=Park2003>{{cite journal |author=Park JI, Han SH, Cho SC, ''et al.''|title=[Outbreak of hepatitis by Orientia tsutsugamushi in the early years of the new millenium] |language=Korean|journal=Taehan Kan Hakhoe Chi |volume=9 |issue=3 |pages=198–204 |year=2003 |month=September |pmid=14515037|url=http://www.koreanjhepatol.org/journal/view.php?year=2003&vol=9&no=3&spage=198}}</ref><ref name=Bernabeu-Wittel2005>{{cite journal |author=Bernabeu-Wittel M, Segura-Porta F |title=[Rickettsioses] |language=Spanish; Castilian |journal=Enferm. Infecc. Microbiol. Clin. |volume=23 |issue=3 |pages=163–72 |year=2005 |month=March |pmid=15757589|url=http://www.elsevier.es/en/linksolver/ft/ivp/0213-005X/23/163}}</ref>
*Orientia tsutsugamushi [49] [50] [51]
**''[[Rickettsia]]''<ref name="Bernabeu-Wittel2005" />
*Rickettsia [51]
**''[[Rhodococcus]]''<ref name=Brown2003>{{cite book |author=Brown JM, McNeil MM |chapter=''Nocardia'', ''Rhodococcus'',''Gordonia'', ''Actinomadura'', ''Streptomyces'', and other aerobic actinomycetes |editor=Murray PR, Baron EJ, Jorgensen JH, Pfaller MA, Yolken RH |title=Manual of clinical microbiology |publisher=American Society for Microbiology |location=Washington DC |year=2003 |pages=502–531 |edition=8th}}</ref>
*Rhodococcus [52]
**''[[Salmonella]]''<ref name=Connor2005)>{{cite journal |author=Connor BA, Schwartz E |title=Typhoid and paratyphoid fever in travellers |journal=Lancet Infect Dis |volume=5 |issue=10 |pages=623–8 |year=2005 |month=October |pmid=16183516|doi=10.1016/S1473-3099(05)70239-5 |url=http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1473-3099(05)70239-5}}</ref>
*Salmonella [53]
**''[[Streptococcus pyogenes]]''<ref name=>Elishkewitz K, Shapiro R, Amir J, Nussinovitch M. Hepatitis in scarlet fever. Isr Med Assoc J 6(9):569-570</ref>
*Streptococcus pyogenes [54]
**''[[Treponema pallidum]]''<ref name=Cook1997>{{cite journal |author=Cook GC |title=Liver involvement in systemic infection|journal=Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol |volume=9 |issue=12 |pages=1239–47 |year=1997 |month=December |pmid=9471032 }}</ref>
*Treponema pallidum [55]
**''[[Yersinia]]''<ref name=Bottone1997>{{cite journal |author=Bottone EJ |title=Yersinia enterocolitica: the charisma continues |journal=Clin. Microbiol. Rev. |volume=10 |issue=2 |pages=257–76 |year=1997 |month=April |pmid=9105754 |pmc=172919|url=http://cmr.asm.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=9105754}}</ref>
*Yersinia [56]

;protozoal

*Entamoeba histolytica [57]

*Cryptosporidium [58]

*Isospora [59] [60]
*Protozoal
*Leishmania [57]
**''[[Entamoeba histolytica]]''<ref name=Seitz1995>{{cite journal |author=Seitz HM |title=[Parasitic diseases of the liver]|language=German |journal=Verh Dtsch Ges Pathol |volume=79 |pages=241–8 |year=1995 |pmid=8600687 }}</ref>
*Plasmodium [61]
**''[[Cryptosporidium]]<ref name=Chen2002>{{cite journal |author=Chen XM, LaRusso NF |title=Cryptosporidiosis and the pathogenesis of AIDS-cholangiopathy |journal=Semin. Liver Dis. |volume=22 |issue=3 |pages=277–89 |year=2002 |month=August|pmid=12360421 |doi=10.1055/s-2002-34505 |url=http://www.thieme-connect.com/DOI/DOI?10.1055/s-2002-34505}}</ref>
*Toxoplasma
**''[[Isospora]]''<ref name=Michiels1994>{{cite journal |author=Michiels JF, Hofman P, Bernard E, ''et al.'' |title=Intestinal and extraintestinal Isospora belli infection in an AIDS patient. A second case report |journal=Pathol. Res. Pract. |volume=190|issue=11 |pages=1089–93; discussion 1094 |year=1994 |month=November |pmid=7746744 }}</ref><ref name=Walther2009>{{cite journal|author=Walther Z, Topazian MD |title=Isospora cholangiopathy: case study with histologic characterization and molecular confirmation |journal=Hum. Pathol. |volume=40 |issue=9 |pages=1342–6 |year=2009 |month=September |pmid=19447468|doi=10.1016/j.humpath.2009.01.020 |url=http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0046-8177(09)00076-8}}</ref>
;Parazitik
**''[[Leishmania]]''<ref name="Seitz1995" />
*Ascaris lumbricoides [57]
**''[[Plasmodium]]''<ref name=Anand2005>{{cite journal |author=Anand AC, Puri P |title=Jaundice in malaria |journal=J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. |volume=20 |issue=9 |pages=1322–32 |year=2005 |month=September |pmid=16105116|doi=10.1111/j.1440-1746.2005.03884.x |url=http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/openurl?genre=article&sid=nlm:pubmed&issn=0815-9319&date=2005&volume=20&issue=9&spage=1322}}</ref>
*Ancylostoma [62]
**''[[Toxoplasma]]''
*Baylisascaris [63]

*Capillaria hepatica [64]

*Clonorchis sinensis [57]

*Dicrocoelium dendriticum [65]
*Parasitic
*Echinococcus [57]
**''[[Ascaris lumbricoides]]''<ref name="Seitz1995" />
*Fasciola hepatica [57]
**''[[Ancylostoma]]''<ref name=Miller1979>{{cite journal |author=Miller TA |title=Hookworm infection in man |journal=Adv. Parasitol. |volume=17 |pages=315–84 |year=1979 |pmid=395835 }}</ref>
*Fasciolopsis BUSKİ [66]
**''[[Baylisascaris]]''<ref name=Gavin2005>{{cite journal |author=Gavin PJ, Kazacos KR, Shulman ST |title=Baylisascariasis|journal=Clin. Microbiol. Rev. |volume=18 |issue=4 |pages=703–18 |year=2005 |month=October |pmid=16223954 |pmc=1265913|doi=10.1128/CMR.18.4.703-718.2005 |url=http://cmr.asm.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=16223954}}</ref>
*Metorchis [67]
**''[[Capillaria hepatica]]''<ref name=Li2010>{{cite journal |author=Li CD, Yang HL, Wang Y |title=Capillaria hepatica in China|journal=World J. Gastroenterol. |volume=16 |issue=6 |pages=698–702 |year=2010 |month=February |pmid=20135717 |pmc=2817057|url=http://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/full/v16/i6/698.htm}}</ref>
*Necator [62]
**''[[Clonorchis sinensis]]''<ref name="Seitz1995" />
*Opisthorchis [57]
**''[[Dicrocoelium dendriticum]]''<ref name=Pokora2001>{{cite journal |author=Pokora Z |title=[Role of gastropods in epidemiology of human parasitic diseases] |language=Polish |journal=Wiad Parazytol |volume=47 |issue=1 |pages=3–24 |year=2001|pmid=16888946 }}</ref>
*Paragonimus [68]
**''[[Echinococcus]]''<ref name="Seitz1995" />
*Strongyloides stercoralis [69]
**''[[Fasciola hepatica]]''<ref name="Seitz1995" />
*Schistosoma [70]
**''[[Fasciolopsis buski]]''<ref name=Garcia2007>{{cite journal |author=Garcia HH, Moro PL, Schantz PM |title=Zoonotic helminth infections of humans: echinococcosis, cysticercosis and fascioliasis |journal=Curr. Opin. Infect. Dis. |volume=20 |issue=5|pages=489–94 |year=2007 |month=October |pmid=17762782 |doi=10.1097/QCO.0b013e3282a95e39|url=http://meta.wkhealth.com/pt/pt-core/template-journal/lwwgateway/media/landingpage.htm?issn=0951-7375&volume=20&issue=5&spage=489}}</ref>
*Toxocara [71]
**''[[Metorchis]]''<ref name=Mordvinov2012>{{cite journal |author=Mordvinov VA, Yurlova NI, Ogorodova LM, Katokhin AV|title=Opisthorchis felineus and Metorchis bilis are the main agents of liver fluke infection of humans in Russia|journal=Parasitol. Int. |volume=61 |issue=1 |pages=25–31 |year=2012 |month=March |pmid=21840415|doi=10.1016/j.parint.2011.07.021 |url=http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1383-5769(11)00119-X}}</ref>
;mantar
**''[[Necator (nematode)|Necator]]''<ref name="Miller1979" />
*Aspergillus [72]
**''[[Opisthorchis]]''<ref name="Seitz1995" />
*Candida [73]
**''[[Paragonimus]]''<ref name=Singcharoen1988>{{cite journal |author=Singcharoen T, Rawd-Aree P, Baddeley H |title=Computed tomography findings in disseminated paragonimiasis |journal=Br J Radiol |volume=61 |issue=721 |pages=83–6 |year=1988|month=January |pmid=3349245 }}</ref>
*Cryptococcus [64]
**''[[Strongyloides stercoralis]]''<ref name=Soroczan1996>{{cite journal |author=Soroczan W |title=[Strongyloidosis. II. Clinical manifestations] |language=Polish |journal=Wiad Parazytol |volume=42 |issue=3 |pages=291–312 |year=1996 |pmid=9012132}}</ref>
*Histoplasma [74]
**''[[Schistosoma]]''<ref name=Fried2011>{{cite journal |author=Fried B, Reddy A, Mayer D |title=Helminths in human carcinogenesis |journal=Cancer Lett. |volume=305 |issue=2 |pages=239–49 |year=2011 |month=June |pmid=20667649|doi=10.1016/j.canlet.2010.07.008 |url=http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0304-3835(10)00345-9}}</ref>
*Microsporidium [75] [76] [77]
**''[[Toxocara]]''<ref name=Ishibashi1995>{{cite journal |author=Ishibashi H, Tsuchiya Y |title=[Hepatic toxocariasis]|language=Japanese |journal=Ryoikibetsu Shokogun Shirizu |issue=7 |pages=48–50 |year=1995 |pmid=8749411 }}</ref>
;alg

*Prototheca [78] [79]
*Fungal
**''[[Aspergillus]]''<ref name=Nikeghbalian2009>{{cite journal |author=Nikeghbalian S, Salahi R, Salahi H, ''et al.''|title=Hepatic abscesses after liver transplant: 1997-2008 |journal=Exp Clin Transplant |volume=7 |issue=4 |pages=256–60|year=2009 |month=December |pmid=20353378 |url=http://www.ectrx.org/forms/ectrxcontentshow.php?year=2009&volume=7&issue=4&supplement=0&makale_no=0&spage_number=256&content_type=FULL%20TEXT}}</ref>
**''[[Candida (fungus)|Candida]]''<ref name=Romero2011>{{cite journal |author=Romero FA, Razonable RR |title=Infections in liver transplant recipients |journal=World J Hepatol |volume=3 |issue=4 |pages=83–92 |year=2011 |month=April |pmid=21603030|pmc=3098392 |doi=10.4254/wjh.v3.i4.83 |url=http://www.wjgnet.com/1948-5182/full/v3/i4/83.htm}}</ref>
**''[[Cryptococcus (fungus)|Cryptococcus]]''<ref name=Li2010>{{cite journal |author=Li SS, Mody CH |title=Cryptococcus|journal=Proc Am Thorac Soc |volume=7 |issue=3 |pages=186–96 |year=2010 |month=May |pmid=20463247|doi=10.1513/pats.200907-063AL |url=http://pats.atsjournals.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=20463247}}</ref>
**''[[Histoplasma]]''<ref name=Aidé2009>{{cite journal |author=Aidé MA |title=Chapter 4—histoplasmosis |journal=J Bras Pneumol|volume=35 |issue=11 |pages=1145–51 |year=2009 |month=November |pmid=20011851 |url=http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1806-37132009001100013&lng=en&nrm=iso&tlng=en}}</ref>
**''[[Microsporidium]]''<ref name=Chukwuma1996>{{cite journal |author=Chukwuma C |title=Microsporidium in AIDS patients: a perspective |journal=East Afr Med J |volume=73 |issue=1 |pages=72–5 |year=1996 |month=January |pmid=8625869 }}</ref><ref name=Arcay2001>{{cite journal |author=Arcay L |title=[Human microsporidiosis] |language=Spanish; Castilian |journal=Invest Clin|volume=42 |issue=Suppl 1|pages=3–42 |year=2001 |month=May |pmid=11416983 }}</ref><ref name=Atías1995>{{cite journal|author=Atías A |title=[Update on microsporidiosis in humans] |language=Spanish; Castilian |journal=Rev Med Chil |volume=123|issue=6 |pages=762–72 |year=1995 |month=June |pmid=8525232 }}</ref>
*Algal
**''[[Prototheca]]''<ref name=Chan1990>{{cite journal |author=Chan JC, Jeffers LJ, Gould EW, ''et al.'' |title=Visceral protothecosis mimicking sclerosing cholangitis in an immunocompetent host: successful antifungal therapy |journal=Rev. Infect. Dis. |volume=12 |issue=5 |pages=802–7 |year=1990 |pmid=2237120 }}</ref><ref name=Narita2008>{{cite journal |author=Narita M, Muder RR, Cacciarelli TV, Singh N |title=Protothecosis after liver transplantation |journal=Liver Transpl. |volume=14 |issue=8|pages=1211–5 |year=2008 |month=August |pmid=18668655 |doi=10.1002/lt.21565 }}</ref>


==Kaynakça==
==Kaynakça==

Sayfanın 11.28, 19 Temmuz 2012 tarihindeki hâli

Hepatit
Alkolik hepatit patolojik görüntüsü; yağlı değişiklikler, hücre nekrozu, Mallory cisimcikleri
UzmanlıkGastroenteroloji, hepatology, enfeksiyon hastalıkları, İç hastalıkları, Aile hekimliği Bunu Vikiveri'de düzenleyin

Hepatit, karaciğer hücrelerinde inflamasyon ile karakterize tıbbi durumdur. İsim Yunanca hepar (ἧπαρ); hepat- (ἡπατ-), karaciğer kökünden ve sonek -itis, "inflamasyon" 'dan türemiştir (karaciğer inflamasyonu)(c. 1727)[1] Karaciğerdeki inflamasyon zamanla kendini sınırlayabilir ya da fibrozis ve siroza ilerleyebilir.

Hepatit sınırlı ya da hiç bir belirti olmaksızın ortaya çıkabilir ama çoğu zaman sarılık, anoreksi (iştahsızlık) ve halsizlik gibi semptomlara neden olabilir. Altı aydan daha kısa sürerse akut; daha uzum sürerse kronik hepatit olarak isimlendirilir. Hepatit dünya genelinde en fazla hepatit virüsleri denilen bir grup virüs tarafından oluşturulur ama aynı zamanda toksinler (özellikle alkol, belirli ilaçlar, bazı endüstriyel organik çözücüler ve bitkiler), diğer enfeksiyonlar ve otoimmün hastalıklar nedeniyle de meydana gelebilir.

Nedenleri

Akut

Viral hepatitler (15 aile)


Bakteri




Kaynakça

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