Dosya:Vilnius Cathedral 24.jpg
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Özet
AçıklamaVilnius Cathedral 24.jpg |
English: Lithuania, officially the Republic of Lithuania, is a country in the Baltic region of Europe and is considered to be one of the Baltic states. It is situated along the southeastern shore of the Baltic Sea, to the east of Sweden and Denmark. It is bordered by Latvia to the north, Belarus to the east and south, Poland to the south, and Kaliningrad Region (a Russian enclave) to the southwest. Lithuania has an estimated population of 2.8 million people (as of 2019), and its capital and largest city is Vilnius. Other major cities are Kaunas and Klaipėda. Lithuanians are Baltic people.
For centuries, the southeastern shores of the Baltic Sea were inhabited by various Baltic tribes. In the 1230s, the Lithuanian lands were united by Mindaugas, the King of Lithuania, and the first unified Lithuanian state, the Kingdom of Lithuania, was created on 6 July 1253. During the 14th century, the Grand Duchy of Lithuania was the largest country in Europe; present-day Lithuania, Belarus, Ukraine, and parts of Poland and Russia were the territories of the Grand Duchy. With the Lublin Union of 1569, Lithuania and Poland formed a voluntary two-state ’personal union’, the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. The Commonwealth lasted more than two centuries, until neighbouring countries systematically dismantled it from 1772 to 1795, with the Russian Empire annexing most of Lithuania's territory. As World War I (WWI) neared its end, Lithuania's Act of Independence was signed on 16 February 1918, declaring the founding of the modern Republic of Lithuania. In the midst of the Second World War (WWII), Lithuania was first occupied by the Soviet Union and then by Nazi Germany. As World War II neared its end and the Germans retreated, the Soviet Union reoccupied Lithuania. On 11 March 1990, a year before the formal Dissolution of the Soviet Union, Lithuania became the first Baltic state to declare itself independent, resulting in the restoration of an independent State of Lithuania. Vilnius is in the southeast part of Lithuania and is the second largest city in the Baltic states. Vilnius is the seat of the main government institutions of Lithuania and the Vilnius District Municipality. Vilnius is known for the architecture in its Old Town, declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1994. Before WWII, Vilnius was one of the largest Jewish centres in Europe. Its Jewish influence has led to it being described as the "Jerusalem of Lithuania" and Napoleon named it "the Jerusalem of the North” when he passed through in 1812. In 2009, Vilnius was the European Capital of Culture, together with the Austrian city of Linz. During the period of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, Vinlius underwent a period of expansion. The Vilnius city walls were built for protection between 1503 and 1522, comprising nine city gates and three towers, and Sigismund August moved his court there in 1544. Its growth was due in part to the establishment of Vilnius University by the Polish King and Grand Duke of Lithuania Stefan Batory in 1579. During its rapid development, the city was open to migrants from the territories of the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland, Grand Duchy and from further away. A variety of languages were spoken: Polish, German, Yiddish, Ruthenian, Lithuanian, Russian, Old Church Slavonic, Latin, Hebrew, and Turkic languages; the city was compared to Babylon. Each group made its unique contribution to the life of the city, and crafts, trade, and science prospered. The 17th century brought a number of setbacks. The Commonwealth was involved in a series of wars, collectively known as The Deluge. During the Russo-Polish War (1654–1667), Vilnius was occupied by Russian forces; it was pillaged and burned, and its population was massacred. During the Great Northern War it was looted by the Swedish army. Due to an outbreak of bubonic plague in 1710 and a succession of devastating fires the city's growth lost its momentum for many years, but even despite this fact, at the end of the 18th century and before the Napoleonic wars, Vilnius, entered the Russian Empire as its third largest city. Vilnius Cathedral, the Cathedral Basilica of St Stanislaus and St Ladislaus of Vilnius is the main Roman Catholic Cathedral of Lithuania. It is situated in Vilnius Old Town, just off Cathedral Square. Dedicated to Saints Stanislaus and Ladislaus, the church is the heart of Catholic spiritual life in Lithuania. The coronations of the Grand Dukes of Lithuania took place within its confines. Inside its crypts and catacombs are buried many famous people from Lithuanian and Polish history including Vytautas (1430), his wife Anna (1418), his brother Sigismund (Žygimantas) (1440), his cousin Švitrigaila (1452), Saint Casimir (1484), Alexander I (1506), and two wives of Sigismund II Augustus: Elisabeth of Habsburg (1545) and Barbara Radziwiłł (1551). The heart of the Polish king Władysław IV Vasa was buried there upon his death, although the rest of his body is buried at the Wawel Cathedral in Kraków. Inside the Cathedral, there are more than forty works of art dating from the 16th through 19th centuries, including frescoes and paintings of various sizes. The Scotch Mist Gallery contains many photographs of historic buildings, monuments and memorials of Poland and countries that previously comprised the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. |
Tarih | |
Kaynak | Yükleyenin kendi çalışması |
Yazar | Scotch Mist |
Kamera pozisyonu | 54° 41′ 09,07″ K, 25° 17′ 07,97″ D | Bu ve diğer görüntülerin konumlarını şurada belirle: OpenStreetMap | 54.685852; 25.285546 |
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Lisanslama
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- paylaşım – eser paylaşımı, dağıtımı ve iletimi
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Bu dosyada gösterilen öğeler
betimlenen
Vikiveri ögesi olmayan bir değer
54°41'9.067"N, 25°17'7.966"E
9 Haziran 2019
Nikon D3200 İngilizce
0,002 saniye
26 milimetre
200
image/jpeg
Dosya geçmişi
Dosyanın herhangi bir zamandaki hâli için ilgili tarih/saat kısmına tıklayın.
Tarih/Saat | Küçük resim | Boyutlar | Kullanıcı | Yorum | |
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güncel | 17.27, 19 Ocak 2020 | 5.864 × 3.896 (5,52 MB) | Scotch Mist | User created page with UploadWizard |
Dosya kullanımı
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Meta veri
Bu dosyada, muhtemelen fotoğraf makinesi ya da tarayıcı tarafından eklenmiş ek bilgiler mevcuttur. Eğer dosyada sonradan değişiklik yapıldıysa, bazı bilgiler yeni değişikliğe göre eski kalmış olabilir.
Kamera markası | NIKON CORPORATION |
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Kamera modeli | NIKON D3200 |
Çekim süresi | 1/500 saniye (0,002) |
F numarası | f/11 |
ISO hız derecesi | 200 |
Verinin ilk yaratılma zamanı | 17.53, 9 Haziran 2019 |
Mercek odak uzaklığı | 26 mm |
Yönlendirme | Normal |
Yatay çözünürlük | 300 dpi |
Dikey çözünürlük | 300 dpi |
Kullanılan yazılım | GIMP 2.8.2 |
Dosya değişiklik tarihi ve zamanı | 10.03, 7 Kasım 2019 |
Y ve C yerleştirme | Eşyerleştirilmiş |
Poz Programı | Tanımlanmadı |
Exif sürümü | 2.3 |
Dijitalleştirme zamanı | 17.53, 9 Haziran 2019 |
Her bileşenin anlamı |
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Resim sıkıştırma modu | 2 |
Poz eğilim değeri | 0 |
Maksimum açıklık değeri | 4,2 APEX (f/4,29) |
Ölçüm modu | Desen |
Işık kaynağı | Bilinmiyor |
Flaş | Flaş patlamadı, zorunlu flaş bastırma |
Alt-ikinci zaman | 30 |
Orijinal alt-ikinci zamanı | 30 |
Dijitalize alt-ikinci zamanı | 30 |
Desteklenen Flashpix sürümü | 1 |
Renk aralığı | sRGB |
Algılama metodu | Tek çipli renk alanı sensörü |
Dosya kaynağı | Dijital sabit kamera |
Sahne tipi | Doğrudan fotoğraflanan bir resim |
Özel resim işlemi | Normal işlem |
Pozlama modu | Otomatik pozlama |
Beyaz denge | Otomatik beyaz denge |
Dijital zoom oranı | 1 |
35 mm'lik filmde odak uzaklığı | 39 mm |
Sahne yakalama tipi | Manzara |
Sahne kontrolü | Hiçbiri |
Karşıtlık | Normal |
Doygunluk | Normal |
Keskinlik | Normal |
Özne mesafe menzili | Bilinmiyor |
GPS etiket sürümü | 2.3.0.0 |