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Social Influence Theory

Social psychologists have long been intrigued by social influence, delving into conformity, obedience, persuasion, status, and in-group bias. Their research uncovers intriguing, often unexpected insights into how humans influence each other's actions and beliefs.

This theory of social influence is pervasive in society, observable in educational institutions, social circles, and other communal settings. It intertwines with group dynamics, influencing behaviors and interactions among individuals.

Sherif (1961) posited that intergroup hostilities can arise solely from competition for limited resources, rather than being dependent on the personality traits of group members. They argued that the mere presence of competition among groups is adequate to engender such hostility.

Early studies on group identity-based influence examined the predictions of Social Identity Theory/ Self-Categorization Theory (SIT/SCT) across various classic paradigms. For instance, Abrams et al. (1990) demonstrated in the autokinetic illusion paradigm, originally introduced by Sherif (1936), that group members are more likely to converge on estimates of light-point movement when they share a common social identity. Similarly, in the Asch paradigm, belonging to the same group strengthens the social pressure to conform to the majority, even when the majority is incorrect about line lengths. Early research consistently found that individuals were more influenced by in-group members and engaged in more thorough information processing compared to out-group sources.