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'''Çok ölçekli modelleme''' ya da '''çok ölçekli matematik''', sorunların çözülmesi için [[zaman]] veya [[uzay]]ın birden fazla ölçeğindeki özelliklerinin kullanıldığı bir [[bilim dallari|bilim dalıdır]]. Bu sorunlar arasında [[akışkan]]lar,<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Chen|first=Shiyi|last2=Doolen|first2=Gary D.|date=1998-01-01|title=Lattice Boltzmann Method for Fluid Flows|journal=Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics|volume=30|issue=1|pages=329–364|doi=10.1146/annurev.fluid.30.1.329|bibcode=1998AnRFM..30..329C}}</ref><ref name="Steinhauser 20082">{{cite book|title=Multiscale Modeling of Fluids and Solids - Theory and Applications|year=2017|isbn=978-3662532225|first1=M. O.|last1=Steinhauser}}</ref> solids,<ref name="Steinhauser 20082" /><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Oden|first=J. Tinsley|last2=Vemaganti|first2=Kumar|last3=Moës|first3=Nicolas|date=1999-04-16|title=Hierarchical modeling of heterogeneous solids|journal=Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering|volume=172|issue=1|pages=3–25|doi=10.1016/S0045-7825(98)00224-2|bibcode=1999CMAME.172....3O}}</ref> [[polimer]]ler,<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Zeng|first=Q. H.|last2=Yu|first2=A. B.|last3=Lu|first3=G. Q.|date=2008-02-01|title=Multiscale modeling and simulation of polymer nanocomposites|journal=Progress in Polymer Science|volume=33|issue=2|pages=191–269|doi=10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2007.09.002}}</ref><ref name="Baeurle 20092">{{cite journal|year=2008|title=Multiscale modeling of polymer materials using field-theoretic methodologies: A survey about recent developments|journal=Journal of Mathematical Chemistry|volume=46|issue=2|pages=363-426|doi=10.1007/s10910-008-9467-3|last1=Baeurle|first1=S. A.}}</ref> [[protein]]ler,<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Kmiecik|first=Sebastian|last2=Gront|first2=Dominik|last3=Kolinski|first3=Michal|last4=Wieteska|first4=Lukasz|last5=Dawid|first5=Aleksandra Elzbieta|last6=Kolinski|first6=Andrzej|date=2016-06-22|title=Coarse-Grained Protein Models and Their Applications|journal=Chemical Reviews|doi=10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00163|issn=0009-2665|pmid=27333362|volume=116|issue=14|pages=7898-7936}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|last=Levitt|first=Michael|date=2014-09-15|title=Birth and Future of Multiscale Modeling for Macromolecular Systems (Nobel Lecture)|journal=Angewandte Chemie International Edition|language=en|volume=53|issue=38|pages=10006-10018|doi=10.1002/anie.201403691|issn=1521-3773|pmid=25100216}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite journal|last=Karplus|first=Martin|date=2014-09-15|title=Development of Multiscale Models for Complex Chemical Systems: From H+H2 to Biomolecules (Nobel Lecture)|journal=Angewandte Chemie International Edition|language=en|volume=53|issue=38|pages=9992-10005|doi=10.1002/anie.201403924|pmid=25066036|issn=1521-3773}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Warshel|first=Arieh|date=2014-09-15|title=Multiscale Modeling of Biological Functions: From Enzymes to Molecular Machines (Nobel Lecture)|journal=Angewandte Chemie International Edition|language=en|volume=53|issue=38|pages=10020-10031|doi=10.1002/anie.201403689|issn=1521-3773|pmid=25060243|pmc=4948593}}</ref> [[nükleik asit]]ler<ref name="de Pablo 20112">{{cite journal|year=2011|title=Coarse-Grained Simulations of Macromolecules: From DNA to Nanocomposites|journal=Annual Review of Physical Chemistry|volume=62|pages=555-574|doi=10.1146/annurev-physchem-032210-103458|pmid=21219152|last1=De Pablo|first1=Juan J.|bibcode=2011ARPC...62..555D}}</ref> ile [[adsorpsiyon]], [[kimyasal reaksiyon]]lar, [[difüzyon]] gibi çeşitli fiziksel ve kimyasal olaylar yer almaktadır.<ref name=":1" /><ref name="Knizhnik2">{{cite journal|last2=Bagaturyants|first2=A.A.|last3=Belov|first3=I.V.|last4=Potapkin|first4=B.V.|last5=Korkin|first5=A.A.|year=2002|title=An integrated kinetic Monte Carlo molecular dynamics approach for film growth modeling and simulation: ZrO2 deposition on Si surface|journal=Computational Materials Science|volume=24|issue=1-2|pages=128-132|doi=10.1016/S0927-0256(02)00174-X|last1=Knizhnik|first1=A.A.}}</ref><ref name="Adams2">{{cite journal|last2=Astapenko|first2=V.|last3=Chernysheva|first3=I.|last4=Chorkov|first4=V.|last5=Deminsky|first5=M.|last6=Demchenko|first6=G.|last7=Demura|first7=A.|last8=Demyanov|first8=A.|last9=Dyatko|first9=N.|year=2007|title=Multiscale multiphysics nonempirical approach to calculation of light emission properties of chemically active nonequilibrium plasma: Application to Ar GaI3 system|journal=Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics|volume=40|issue=13|pages=3857-3881|bibcode=2007JPhD...40.3857A|doi=10.1088/0022-3727/40/13/S06|author1=Adamson|first1=S.|last10=Eletzkii|first10=A|last11=Knizhnik|first11=A|last12=Kochetov|first12=I|last13=Napartovich|first13=A|last14=Rykova|first14=E|last15=Sukhanov|first15=L|last16=Umanskii|first16=S|last17=Vetchinkin|first17=A|last18=Zaitsevskii|first18=A|last19=Potapkin|first19=B|display-authors=8}}</ref>
{{çalışma}}
'''Çok ölçekli modelleme''',


== Kaynakça ==
== Kaynakça ==

Sayfanın 23.53, 24 Kasım 2020 tarihindeki hâli

Çok ölçekli modelleme ya da çok ölçekli matematik, sorunların çözülmesi için zaman veya uzayın birden fazla ölçeğindeki özelliklerinin kullanıldığı bir bilim dalıdır. Bu sorunlar arasında akışkanlar,[1][2] solids,[2][3] polimerler,[4][5] proteinler,[6][7][8][9] nükleik asitler[10] ile adsorpsiyon, kimyasal reaksiyonlar, difüzyon gibi çeşitli fiziksel ve kimyasal olaylar yer almaktadır.[8][11][12]

Kaynakça

  1. ^ Chen, Shiyi; Doolen, Gary D. (1998-01-01). "Lattice Boltzmann Method for Fluid Flows". Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics. 30 (1): 329–364. Bibcode:1998AnRFM..30..329C. doi:10.1146/annurev.fluid.30.1.329. 
  2. ^ a b Steinhauser, M. O. (2017). Multiscale Modeling of Fluids and Solids - Theory and Applications. ISBN 978-3662532225. 
  3. ^ Oden, J. Tinsley; Vemaganti, Kumar; Moës, Nicolas (1999-04-16). "Hierarchical modeling of heterogeneous solids". Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering. 172 (1): 3–25. Bibcode:1999CMAME.172....3O. doi:10.1016/S0045-7825(98)00224-2. 
  4. ^ Zeng, Q. H.; Yu, A. B.; Lu, G. Q. (2008-02-01). "Multiscale modeling and simulation of polymer nanocomposites". Progress in Polymer Science. 33 (2): 191–269. doi:10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2007.09.002. 
  5. ^ Baeurle, S. A. (2008). "Multiscale modeling of polymer materials using field-theoretic methodologies: A survey about recent developments". Journal of Mathematical Chemistry. 46 (2): 363-426. doi:10.1007/s10910-008-9467-3. 
  6. ^ Kmiecik, Sebastian; Gront, Dominik; Kolinski, Michal; Wieteska, Lukasz; Dawid, Aleksandra Elzbieta; Kolinski, Andrzej (2016-06-22). "Coarse-Grained Protein Models and Their Applications". Chemical Reviews. 116 (14): 7898-7936. doi:10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00163. ISSN 0009-2665. PMID 27333362. 
  7. ^ Levitt, Michael (2014-09-15). "Birth and Future of Multiscale Modeling for Macromolecular Systems (Nobel Lecture)". Angewandte Chemie International Edition (İngilizce). 53 (38): 10006-10018. doi:10.1002/anie.201403691. ISSN 1521-3773. PMID 25100216. 
  8. ^ a b Karplus, Martin (2014-09-15). "Development of Multiscale Models for Complex Chemical Systems: From H+H2 to Biomolecules (Nobel Lecture)". Angewandte Chemie International Edition (İngilizce). 53 (38): 9992-10005. doi:10.1002/anie.201403924. ISSN 1521-3773. PMID 25066036. 
  9. ^ Warshel, Arieh (2014-09-15). "Multiscale Modeling of Biological Functions: From Enzymes to Molecular Machines (Nobel Lecture)". Angewandte Chemie International Edition (İngilizce). 53 (38): 10020-10031. doi:10.1002/anie.201403689. ISSN 1521-3773. PMC 4948593 $2. PMID 25060243. 
  10. ^ De Pablo, Juan J. (2011). "Coarse-Grained Simulations of Macromolecules: From DNA to Nanocomposites". Annual Review of Physical Chemistry. 62: 555-574. Bibcode:2011ARPC...62..555D. doi:10.1146/annurev-physchem-032210-103458. PMID 21219152. 
  11. ^ Knizhnik, A.A.; Bagaturyants, A.A.; Belov, I.V.; Potapkin, B.V.; Korkin, A.A. (2002). "An integrated kinetic Monte Carlo molecular dynamics approach for film growth modeling and simulation: ZrO2 deposition on Si surface". Computational Materials Science. 24 (1-2): 128-132. doi:10.1016/S0927-0256(02)00174-X. 
  12. ^ Adamson, S.; Astapenko, V.; Chernysheva, I.; Chorkov, V.; Deminsky, M.; Demchenko, G.; Demura, A.; Demyanov, A.; ve diğerleri. (2007). "Multiscale multiphysics nonempirical approach to calculation of light emission properties of chemically active nonequilibrium plasma: Application to Ar GaI3 system". Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics. 40 (13): 3857-3881. Bibcode:2007JPhD...40.3857A. doi:10.1088/0022-3727/40/13/S06. 
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