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===2004–2008 <!-- 2008 Gwen Stefani did not quit singing. -->: Solo career===
===2004–2008 <!-- 2008 Gwen Stefani did not quit singing. -->: Solo career===
Following No Doubt's hiatus, Stefani sought out her former bandmate Tony Kanal to discuss the possibility of a solo career. The idea was to make a quick dance record, but this became a large collaboration with other artists, producers and various non-ska influences. The result was two successful albums. Currently, Stefani has two solo albums, ''[[Love. Angel. Music. Baby.]]'' (2004), and ''[[The Sweet Escape]]'' (2006).<ref>Jeffries, David. [http://music.aol.com/artist/gwen-stefani/biography/1238915/ "Gwen Stefani Biography"]. [[AOL Music]] Retrieved January 22, 2008.</ref>
Following No Doubt's hiatus, Stefani sought out her former bandmate Tony Kanal to discuss the possibility of a solo career. The idea was to make a quick dance record, but this became a large collaboration with other artists, producers and various non-ska influences. The result was two successful albums. Stefani'nin iki solo albümü vardır, ''[[Love. Angel. Music. Baby.]]'' (2004), ve ''[[The Sweet Escape]]'' (2006).<ref>Jeffries, David. [http://music.aol.com/artist/gwen-stefani/biography/1238915/ "Gwen Stefani Biography"]. [[AOL Music]] Retrieved January 22, 2008.</ref>


====2004–2006: ''Love. Angel. Music. Baby.''====
====2004–2006: ''Love. Angel. Music. Baby.''====

Sayfanın 17.52, 1 Eylül 2009 tarihindeki hâli

Gwen Renée Stefani (d. 3 Ekim 1969) bir Amerikan şarkıcı ve moda tasarımcısı. Ayrıca rock grubu No Doubt'ın da vokalistliğini üstlenmektedir. Ranging from punk rock to new wave music, their third wave ska oriented third studio album Tragic Kingdom (1995) propelled them to stardom, selling 16 million copies worldwide. It spawned the singles "Just a Girl", "Spiderwebs", and "Don't Speak". The band's popularity went into decline with its fourth album, Return of Saturn (2000), but Rock Steady (2001) focused on dancehall production traits, and generally received positive reviews.

Stefani ilk solo albümü Love. Angel. Music. Baby.'yi 2004 yılında piyasaya çıkardı. Albüm 80'lerin müzikal tarzından etkilenilerek hazırlanmıştı,[1] ve uluslararası bir başarıya imza attı.[2] Albümün üçüncü teklisi "Hollaback Girl" Amerika'da başarılı oldu, 1 milyon ? .[3] Stefani's second solo album The Sweet Escape (2006) yielded "Wind It Up", a moderate worldwide success, and "The Sweet Escape".[4] Including her work with No Doubt, Stefani has sold more than 40 million albums worldwide.[5] She won the World's Best-Selling New Female Artist at the World Music Awards 2005.

Stefani is known as a fashion trendsetter.[6] In 2003, she debuted her clothing line L.A.M.B. and expanded her collection with the 2005 Harajuku Lovers line, drawing inspiration from Japanese culture and fashion. Stefani performs and makes public appearances with four back-up dancers known as the Harajuku Girls. She married British grunge musician Gavin Rossdale in 2002 and they have two sons: Kingston James McGregor Rossdale, who was born May 26, 2006, and Zuma Nesta Rock Rossdale, who was born August 21, 2008.

Early life

Stefani was born and raised in Fullerton, California,[7] and grew up in a Roman Catholic household.[8] Her mother named her after a stewardess in the 1968 novel Airport, and her middle name, Renée, comes from The Four Tops' 1968 cover of The Left Banke's 1966 hit song "Walk Away Renée".[9] Her father, Dennis Stefani, is Italian and worked as a Yamaha marketing executive. He currently is Executive VP of The Added Value Company.[10] Her mother, Patti (née Flynn), is of Irish and Scottish descent and worked as an accountant before becoming a homemaker.[11][12] Her parents were fans of folk music and presented music by Bob Dylan and Emmylou Harris to their daughter.[8] She is the second oldest of four children; she has a younger sister, Jill Stefani, a younger brother, Todd, and an older brother, Eric.[8][11] Eric was the keyboardist for No Doubt but left the band to pursue a career in animation on The Simpsons on the FOX TV network.[7]

Many of the women in Stefani's family were seamstresses, and much of her clothing was made by her or her mother. As a child, Stefani's musical interests consisted of musicals such as The Sound of Music and Evita. After making a demo tape for her father, she was encouraged to take music lessons to train her "loopy, unpredictable" voice. Stefani is a distant cousin of Madonna. Her great-aunt's mother-in-law shares the last name with Madonna.[8]

Stefani made her onstage debut during a talent show at Loara High School, where she sang "I Have Confidence," from The Sound of Music, in a self-made tweed dress inspired by one from the film.[13][2] Stefani was on the Loara swim team in an attempt to lose weight.[14] She first worked at a Dairy Queen and later manned the MAC makeup counter of a department store.[15] After graduating from high school in 1987,[13] she began attending Fullerton College before transferring to California State University, Fullerton.[16]

Music career

1986–2004: No Doubt

Ana madde: No Doubt

Eric introduced Gwen to 2 Tone music by Madness and The Selecter, and in 1986 he invited her to provide vocals for No Doubt, a ska band he was forming.[7] Finally, in 1991, the band was signed to Interscope Records. She also did backup vocals for Sublime on the song "Saw Red".

Dosya:Gwen-Stefani.jpg
Stefani 2002 yılında bir No Doubt konserinde.

The band released its self-titled debut album in 1992, but its ska-pop sound was unsuccessful due to the popularity of grunge.[17] Stefani rejected the aggressiveness of female grunge artists and cited Blondie singer Debbie Harry's combination of power and sex appeal as a major influence.[18] No Doubt's third album, Tragic Kingdom (1995), which followed the self-released The Beacon Street Collection (1995), took more than three years to make. During this time, the band almost split up because of the failed romantic relationship between Stefani and bandmate Tony Kanal.[19] Their break-up inspired Stefani lyrically, and many of the album's songs, such as "Don't Speak", "Sunday Morning", and "Hey You", chronicle their relationship and her happiness.[20] Five singles were released from Tragic Kingdom and "Don't Speak" led 1996's U.S. year-end airplay chart.[21] Stefani left college for one semester to tour for Tragic Kingdom but did not return when touring lasted two and a half years.[8] The album sold more than 16 million copies worldwide,[8] and received several Grammy Award nominations.[22]

No Doubt released the less popular Return of Saturn in 2000, which expands upon the New Wave influences of Tragic Kingdom.[23] Most of the lyrical content focuses on Stefani's often rocky relationship with then-Bush frontman Gavin Rossdale and her overall insecurities, including indecision on settling down and having a child.[24] The band's 2001 album, Rock Steady, explores more reggae and dancehall sounds while maintaining the band's New Wave influences, generally receiving positive reviews.[25], which was recorded live by Guy Charbonneau (audio recording engineer)'s Le Mobile Remote Recording Studio and later released on CD and DVD formats.[26] The album generated career-highest singles chart positions in the United States,[27] and "Hey Baby" and "Underneath It All" received Grammy Awards. A greatest hits collection, The Singles 1992–2003, which includes a cover of Talk Talk's "It's My Life", was released in 2003 to moderate sales. The other members of No Doubt have begun work on a new album[28] and plan to complete it after Stefani's tour is finished.[29]

Outside No Doubt, Stefani has collaborated on the singles "South Side" and "Let Me Blow Ya Mind" with Moby and Eve, respectively. In 2002 Eve and Stefani won a Grammy Award for Best Rap/Sung Collaboration for "Let Me Blow Ya Mind".[30] She also collaborated with The Brian Setzer Orchestra on a cover of "You're the Boss", originally performed by Elvis Presley and Ann-Margret, for its 1998 album The Dirty Boogie.

2004–2008 : Solo career

Following No Doubt's hiatus, Stefani sought out her former bandmate Tony Kanal to discuss the possibility of a solo career. The idea was to make a quick dance record, but this became a large collaboration with other artists, producers and various non-ska influences. The result was two successful albums. Stefani'nin iki solo albümü vardır, Love. Angel. Music. Baby. (2004), ve The Sweet Escape (2006).[31]

2004–2006: Love. Angel. Music. Baby.

Stefani "Hollaback Girl" parçasını sahnede seslendiriyor.

Stefani's debut solo album Love. Angel. Music. Baby. was released in November 2004. The album features a large number of collaborations with producers and other artists, including Tony Kanal, Linda Perry, André 3000, Nellee Hooper and The Neptunes. Stefani created the album to modernize the music to which she listened when in high school, and L.A.M.B. takes influence from a variety of music styles of the 1980s and early 1990s such as New Wave and electro.[32] Stefani's decision to use her solo career as an opportunity to delve further into pop music instead of trying "to convince the world of [her] talent, depth and artistic worth" was considered unusual.[1] As a result, reviews of the album were mixed, and it was described as "fun as hell but…not exactly rife with subversive social commentary."[33] The album debuted on the U.S. Billboard 200 albums chart at number seven, selling 309,000 copies in its first week.[34] It sold well, reaching multi-platinum status in the United States,[12] the United Kingdom,[35] Australia,[36] and Canada.[37] At the 2005 Grammy Awards, Stefani was nominated for Best Female Pop Vocal Performance,[38] and at the next year's awards, Stefani received five nominations for Record of the Year, Album of the Year, Best Female Pop Vocal Performance, Best Pop Vocal Album, and Best Rap/Sung Collaboration.[39]

The first single released from the album was "What You Waiting For?", which charted outside the U.S. Top 40, but reached the Top 10 on most other charts.[40] The song served to explain why Stefani produced a solo album and discusses her fears in leaving No Doubt for a solo career[41] as well as her desire to have a baby.[13] "Rich Girl" was released as the album's second single. A duet with rapper Eve, and produced by Dr. Dre, it is an adaptation of a 1990s pop song by British musicians Louchie Lou & Michie One, which itself is a cover of "If I Were a Rich Man", from the musical Fiddler on the Roof. "Rich Girl" proved successful on several formats, and reached the UK and U.S. top ten.[42] L.A.M.B.'s third single "Hollaback Girl" became Stefani's first U.S. and second Australian number-one single; it was less successful elsewhere.[43] The song was the first U.S. digital download to sell more than one million copies legally,[3] and its brass-driven composition remained popular throughout 2005.[44]

The fourth single "Cool" was released shortly following the popularity of its predecessor, but failed to match its chart success, reaching the top twenty in UK and U.S.[45] The song's lyrics and its accompanying music video, filmed in Lake Como, Italy, depict Stefani's former relationship with Kanal.[46] "Luxurious" was released as the album's fifth single, but did not perform as well as its predecessors. "Crash" was released in early 2006 as the album's sixth single in lieu of Love. Angel. Music. Baby.'s sequel, which Stefani postponed because of her pregnancy.[47]

2006–2008: The Sweet Escape

Stefani's second solo album, The Sweet Escape, was recorded by Guy Charbonneau's Le Mobile Remote Recording Studio and released in December 2006. [48] Stefani recollaborated with Kanal, Perry, and The Neptunes, along with Akon and Tim Rice-Oxley from English rock band Keane. The album focuses more heavily on electro/dance music for clubs than its predecessor.[12] Stefani commented that it differed from L.A.M.B. because "I just wasn't inspired to do another album and…I was a lot more relaxed making it."[49] Its release coincided with the DVD release of Stefani's first tour, entitled Harajuku Lovers Live. The album received mixed reviews by critics, who found that it "has a surprisingly moody, lightly autobiographical feel...[but] Stefani isn't convincing as a dissatisfied diva"[50] and called the album a "hasty return" that repeats Love. Angel. Music. Baby. with less energy.[51]

Stefani performing "Wind It Up" in May of 2007.

"Wind It Up", the album's lead single, was panned by critics for its use of yodeling and an interpolation of The Sound of Music[52] but was moderately successful, reaching the Top 20 in most markets.[4] The title track was well-received. To promote The Sweet Escape, Stefani was a mentor on the sixth season of American Idol and performed the song with Akon. It was an international success and earned Stefani a Grammy nomination. The song is Stefani's most successful song of her solo career. In November 2006, the club single "Yummy" was released as a 3-track maxi promo single and as a 12" vinyl single[53][54], both featuring a radio edit, an instrumental and an a cappella version of the song. "4 In The Morning" was released as the album's third single with mediocre success.[kaynak belirtilmeli] The album's fourth single was a hybrid version of Now That You Got It which featured Damian Marley. The song was a commercial failure and became her first solo single to fail to chart on the Billboard Hot 100.[kaynak belirtilmeli] Early Winter was released in February 2008 worldwide with initial success on European Charts. To promote the album, Stefani embarked a worldwide tour, The Sweet Escape Tour. The tour covered North America, Europe, Asia and the Pacific and part of Latin America.

2008–present: No Doubt's New Album and 2009 Tour

Stefani during No Doubt's 2009 summer reunion tour.

With Stefani promoting her second solo album, No Doubt began initial work on a new album without her[55] and planned to complete it after Stefani's tour was finished.[56] In March 2008, the band started making posts concerning the progression of the album on their official fan forum. Stefani made a post on March 28, 2008 stating that songwriting had commenced but was slow on her end because she was, at the time, pregnant with her second child.[57]

Manager Jim Guerinot said the yet-untitled album is being produced by Mark "Spike" Stent, who helped produce and mix Rock Steady. Between Stefani's pregnancy and recording, No Doubt did not tour in 2008, but Guerinot promised they plan to hit the road hard in 2009 for their first full-fledged band tour in nearly five years.[58]

"The Singles 92-03" became available on December 9 2008 for the Rock Band 2 video game platform.[59] All members of No Doubt except for Stefani are appearing as Scott Weiland's backing band on the album Happy In Galoshes.

No Doubt announced on their official website that they want to tour in 2009 [60] while finishing their upcoming album, which is set for release late 2009.[61] On November 24, 2008, it was announced that No Doubt would be headlining the Bamboozle 2009 festival in May, along with Fall Out Boy. The band is now embarking on a national tour throughout the summer of 2009.

Non-musical projects

Gwen Stefani performing "Yummy" at the Tweeter Center for the Performing Arts in Mansfield, Massachusetts, United States

Stefani made most of the clothing that she wore on stage with No Doubt, resulting in increasingly eclectic combinations. Stylist Andrea Lieberman introduced her to haute couture clothing, which lead to Stefani launching a fashion line named L.A.M.B. in 2004.[8] The line takes influence from a variety of fashions, including Guatemalan, Japanese, and Jamaican styles.[62] The line achieved popularity among celebrities and is worn by stars such as Teri Hatcher, Nicole Kidman, and Stefani herself.[63][64] In June 2005, she expanded her collection with the less expensive Harajuku Lovers line, which she referred to as "a glorified merchandise line", with varied products including a camera, mobile phone charms, and undergarments.[65][66] In late 2006, Stefani released a limited edition line of dolls called "Love. Angel. Music. Baby. Fashion dolls". The dolls are inspired by the various costumes that Stefani and the Harajuku Girls wore while touring for the album.[67] In late summer 2007, Stefani launched a perfume, 'L', as a part of her L.A.M.B. collection of clothing and accessories. The perfume has high notes of sweet pea and rose.[68] In September 2008, Stefani released a fragrance line as a part of her Harajuku Lovers product line. There are five different fragrances based on the four Harajuku Girls and Stefani herself called 'Love', 'Lil' Angel', 'Music', 'Baby' and 'G' (Gwen).[69]

In 2004, Stefani showed interest in making film appearances[70] and began auditioning for films such as Mr. & Mrs. Smith.[71] She made her acting debut playing Jean Harlow in Martin Scorsese's The Aviator in 2004 and was nominated for the Screen Actors Guild Awards for Outstanding Performance by Cast in Motion Picture.[72] Scorsese, whose daughter was a No Doubt fan, showed reciprocal interest in casting Stefani after seeing her picture from a Marilyn Monroe-inspired photo shoot for Teen Vogue in 2003.[73][74] To prepare for the role, Stefani read two biographies and watched 18 of Harlow's films.[8] Shooting her part took four to five days, and Stefani had few lines.[75] Stefani lent her voice to the title character of Malice, a PS2 and Xbox video game in 2004; before completion, however, the company opted not to use No Doubt bandmembers' voices.[76]

Personal life

Soon after Stefani joined No Doubt, she and bandmate Tony Kanal began dating.[16] Stefani stated that she was heavily invested in the relationship, commenting that "...all I ever did was look at Tony and pray that God would let me have a baby with him."[13] Kanal ended the relationship.[77]

During her time with No Doubt, the band toured with fellow ska punk band Reel Big Fish, whose frontman, Aaron Barrett, later wrote the song "She's Famous Now" for their 1998 album Why Do They Rock So Hard?. The song is commonly interpreted to be about a relationship between the two and Stefani's subsequent success with No Doubt.[78] Barrett later stated that he "was just trying to start a rumor".[79]

Stefani'nin eşi Gavin Rossdale

In December 1995, No Doubt and rock band Goo Goo Dolls went on tour opening for alternative rock band Bush. Stefani met Bush guitarist and lead singer Gavin Rossdale[18] They married on September 14, 2002, with a wedding in St Paul's Church in Covent Garden, London. A second wedding was held in Los Angeles two weeks later.[80] According to Stefani, it was held so that she could wear her custom-designed wedding dress designed by John Galliano twice.[81]

The couple discovered in 2004 that Rossdale had a daughter, Daisy Lowe (b. 1989) from a previous fling with model and designer Pearl Lowe when Rossdale took a paternity test. Stefani was "devastated and infuriated" at the discovery, leading to a rocky patch in her relationship with Rossdale.[82] Though Rossdale remains Daisy's godfather, he has severed all ties with the Lowes.[83][84] Stefani's song "Danger Zone" was widely believed to be about the discovery and its aftermath.[85] However, the song was written prior to the incident.[12]

In December 2005, Stefani and Rossdale announced that they were expecting their first child together. The pregnancy was first reported by Us Weekly, and Stefani confirmed the pregnancy by shouting "I want you to sing so loud that the baby hears it" during a concert in Fort Lauderdale, Florida after her press agent stated that it was untrue.[47] On May 26, 2006, their son, Kingston James McGregor Rossdale, was born via caesarean section at the Cedars-Sinai Medical Center in Los Angeles.[86] Kingston weighed 34 kg (74 lb 15 oz).[87] In January 2008, it was confirmed by her father-in-law that Stefani would be expecting her second child. As of the date of announcement, she was 13 weeks along. [88] Reports from In Touch magazine came in on August 21, 2008, reporting that Stefani had checked in Cedars-Sinai Medical Center in Los Angeles, and was scheduled to give birth via C-section around 10:00 a.m. People confirmed that Stefani gave birth to a baby boy, Zuma Nesta Rock Rossdale, who was born at 12:46 PDT on August 21, 2008 weighing 385 kg (848 lb 12 oz). A representative for Stefani said "Mother, baby and family are all happy and healthy."[89]

Public image

Stefani performing "Hollaback Girl" in May 2007, wearing the "Sweet Escape" logo on a belt buckle.

Stefani began wearing a bindi in the mid 1990s after attending several family gatherings for Tony Kanal, who is of Indian heritage.[90] During No Doubt's breakthrough, Stefani wore the forehead decoration in several of the band's music videos and briefly popularized the accessory in 1997.[91] First attracting attention in the 1995 music video for "Just a Girl", Stefani is known for her midriff and frequently wears shirts that expose it.[92] Stefani's makeup design generally includes light face powder, bright red lipstick, and arched eyebrows; she wrote about the subject in a song titled "Magic's in the Makeup" for No Doubt's Return of Saturn, asking "If the magic's in the makeup/Then who am I?".[8][93]

Stefani is a natural brunette, though her hair has not been its natural color since she was in ninth grade.[94] Since late 1994, she has had platinum blonde hair. Stefani discussed this in the song "Platinum Blonde Life" on Rock Steady and played original blonde bombshell Jean Harlow in the 2004 biopic The Aviator.[95] Stefani also dyed her hair blue in 1998[91] and pink in 2000,[96] appearing on the cover of Return of Saturn with pink hair.

In 2006, Stefani modified her image, inspired by that of Michelle Pfeiffer's character in the 1983 film Scarface.[2] The reinvented image included a symbol consisting of two back-to-back G's, which appears on a diamond-encrusted key she wears on a necklace and which became a motif in the promotion of The Sweet Escape.[66] Stefani raised concerns in January 2007 about her rapid weight loss following her pregnancy. She stated she lost the weight through diet and exercise but admitted to obsessing over her weight due to the size zero trend.[97] She later stated that she had been on a diet since the sixth grade to fit in size 4 clothing, commenting, "It's an ongoing battle and it's a nightmare. But I like clothes too much, and I always wanted to wear the outfits I would make."[98]

Harajuku Girls

Stefani performing with the Harajuku Girls, dressed as nurses, on the Harajuku Lovers Tour 2005.

The release of Stefani's first solo album brought attention to her entourage of four Harajuku Girls, named for the area around the Harajuku Station of Tokyo, Japan. Stefani treats the back-up dancers, who appear in outfits influenced by Gothic Lolita fashion,[99] as a figment of her imagination. Stefani's clothing also took influence from Japanese fashion, in a style described as a combination between Christian Dior and Japan.[13] The dancers are featured in her music videos, press coverage, and on the album cover for Love. Angel. Music. Baby., with a song named for and dedicated to them on the album. They were also featured in, and the namesake for, Stefani's Harajuku Lovers Tour 2005.

[100]

Discography

Ana madde: Gwen Stefani discography

Tours

Awards and nominations

Ana madde: List of awards and nominations received by Gwen Stefani

References

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