Sokak sanatı

Bu madde visual art practiced in the street hakkındadır. performing art practiced in the street için Street performance sayfasına bakınız. street theatre için Street theatre sayfasına bakınız.

Graffiti by Banksy (Bristol, 2000s)

John Fekner: Broken Promises/Falsas Promesas, South Bronx, 1980.

Street art is visual art created in public locations, usually unsanctioned artwork executed outside of the context of traditional art venues. The term gained popularity during the graffiti art boom of the early 1980s and continues to be applied to subsequent incarnations. Stencil graffiti, wheatpasted poster art or sticker art, and street installation or sculpture are common forms of modern street art. Video projection, yarn bombing and Lock On sculpture became popularized at the turn of the 21st century.

The terms "urban art", "guerrilla art", "post-graffiti" and "neo-graffiti" are also sometimes used when referring to artwork created in these contexts. Traditional spray-painted graffiti artwork itself is often included in this category, excluding territorial graffiti or pure vandalism.

Artists who choose the streets as their gallery are often doing so from a preference to communicate directly with the public at large, free from perceived confines of the formal art world. Street artists sometimes present socially relevant content infused with esthetic value, to attract attention to a cause or as a form of "art provocation".

Street artists often travel between countries to spread their designs. Some artists have gained cult-followings, media and art world attention, and have gone on to work commercially in the styles which made their work known on the streets.

.</ref> Common variants include adbusting, subvertising and other culture jamming, the abolishment of private property and reclaiming the streets.

Germany's Berlin Wall (shown 1986) was a target of artists during its existence (1961–1989).

• 
  René Moncada: I AM THE BEST ARTIST René, New York (1986).
• 
  John Fekner: No TV, street installation, New York (1980).
• Shepard Fairey: André the Giant has a Posse, sticker art (c.1989).
  Shepard Fairey: André the Giant has a Posse, sticker art (c.1989).

• Morley, Los Angeles (2010)
  Morley, Los Angeles (2010)
• Barry McGee (Twist), LACMA parking garage (c.2005).
  Barry McGee (Twist), LACMA parking garage (c.2005).
• Smear, Los Angeles (2006).
  Smear, Los Angeles (2006).
• 
  Os Gêmeos, Lisbon, Portugal (2011).
• 
  Graffiti in Lima, Peru (2014).

Europe and Asia

London has become one of the most pro-graffiti cities in the world. Although officially condemned and heavily enforced, street art has a huge following and in many ways is embraced by the public, for example, Stik's stick figures.

Bristol is part of a street art scene, due in part to the success of Banksy. and the See No Evil event curated by Inkie.

Poland has artists like Sainer and Bezt known for painting huge murals on buildings and walls.

Paris, France has an active street art scene which is home to artists such as Space Invader and Zevs.

Some connect the origins of street art in France to Lettrism of the 1940s and Situationist slogans painted on the walls of Paris starting in the late 1950s. Nouveau realists of the 1960s, including Jacques de la Villeglé, Yves Klein and Arman interacted with public spaces but, like Pop Art, kept the traditional studio-gallery relationship. The 1962 street installation Rideau de Fer (Iron Curtain) by Christo and Jeanne-Claude is cited as an early example of unsanctioned street art. In the 1970s, the site-specific work of Daniel Buren appeared in the Paris subway. Blek le Rat and the Figuration Libre movement became active in the 1980s.

Street art on the Berlin Wall was continuous during the time Germany was divided, but street art in Berlin continued to thrive even after reunification and is home to street artists such as Thierry Noir. Post-communism, cheap rents, and ramshackle buildings gave rise to street art in areas such as Mitte, Prenzlauer Berg, Kreuzberg, and Friedrichshain.

The street art scene in Greece has been active since the late 1980s but gained momentum in Athens leading up to the country's 2011 financial crisis, with a number of artists raising voices of resistance, creating allegorical works and social commentary in the historic city center and Exarhia district. The New York Times published a story about the crisis in relation to street art, and art in general. Street art by Bleeps.gr, whose work has been categorized as "artivism", can be found in neighborhoods such as Psiri.

Major Spanish coastal cities of Spain such as Barcelona, Valencia and Zaragoza have a vibrant street art scene.

Italy has been very active in street art since the end of the 1990s; some of the most famous street artists include BLU, 108, and Sten Lex.

Street art in Amsterdam (Netherlands) centers around the Flevopark, on the east side, NDSM wharf in Amsterdam Noord, and the Red-light District. Artists who have gained recognition include Niels Shoe Meulman, Ottograph, Max Zorn, Mickey, DHM, X Streets Collective, Bustart, Mojofoto, Mark Chalmers and collective CFYE. The city is home to the "Amsterdam Street Art" group, promoting street art in the city with aims to bring it to the same level as that of London, Paris, and Barcelona.

The city of Bergen is looked upon as the street art capital of Norway. British street artist Banksy visited the city in 2000 and inspired many to take their art to the streets. Dolk is among local street artists in Bergen. His art can be seen around the city. Bergen's city council in 2009 chose to preserve one of Dolk's works with protective glass.

In 2011, the city council launched a plan of action for street art from 2011–2015 to ensure that "Bergen will lead the fashion for street art as an expression both in Norway and Scandinavia".

The city of Stavanger is host to the annual Nuart Festival, one of Europe's leading events dedicated to promoting street art. Oslo, by contrast, has a zero tolerance policy against graffiti and street art, although artists such as DOT DOT DOT have created work there.

Street art came to Sweden in the 1990s and has since become the most popular way to establish art in public space. The 2007 book "Street Art Stockholm", by Benke Carlsson, documents street art in the country's capital.

The street art scene of Finland had its growth spurt from the 1980s onwards, until in 1998 the city of Helsinki began a ten-year zero tolerance policy which made all forms of street art illegal, punishable with high fines, and enforced through private security contractors. The policy ended in 2008, after which legal walls and art collectives have been established.

Wheatpaste and stencil graffiti art in Denmark increased rapidly after visits from Faile, Banksy, Ben Eine, and Shepard Fairey between 2002–2004, especially in urban areas of Copenhagen such as Nørrebro and Vesterbro. Copenhagen is home of TEJN, the artist credited with introducing the Lock On street art genre.

• 
  Street art by WATTTS in Paris.
• 
  Painting in the Global Tradition by Ces53, a Dutch street artist.
• Lock On street art (stencil and chained sculpture) by Danish artist TEJN.
  Lock On street art (stencil and chained sculpture) by Danish artist TEJN.
• 
  Street art in Sesimbra.

Since the collapse of communism in 1989, street art became prevalent in Poland throughout the 1990s. In the city of Łódź a permanent city exhibition was financed in 2011, under the patronage of Mayor Hanna Zdanowska, called "Urban Forms Gallery". The exhibition included work from some of Poland's elite street artists as well as globally known artists. Despite being mostly accepted by the public, with authorities occasionally allowing artists licenses to decorate public places, other properties are still illegally targeted by artists. Warsaw and Gdansk are other Polish cities with a vibrant street art culture.

A monument in Bulgaria depicting Soviet Army soldiers was targeted by anonymous street artists in June, 2011.

The soldiers of the monument, located in Sofia, were embellished to portray Ronald McDonald, Santa Claus, Superman, and others. The monument existed in that condition for several days before being cleaned. Some citizens were in favor of allowing the embellishments to remain.

Moscow has increasingly become a hub for Russian graffiti artists as well as international visitors. The Street Kit Gallery, opened in 2008, is dedicated to street art and organizes events in galleries, pop-up spaces and on the streets of the city. The 2009 Moscow International Biennale for Young Art included a section for street art.

Active artists include Make, RUS, and Kiev-based Interesni Kazki (also active in Miami and Los Angeles). Britain's BBC network highlighted the artwork of Moscow street artist Pavel 183 in 2012.

In South Korea's second largest city, Busan, German painter Hendrik Beikirch created a mural over 70 metre (230 ft) high, considered Asia’s tallest at the time of its creation in August, 2012. The monochromatic mural portrays fisherman. It was organized by Public Delivery.

A 2012 project in Malaysia funded by the Penang State Government was undertaken to liven up the streets and celebrate the recognition of Georgetown, Penang as a UNESCO site. Street art was drawn onto the walls of 18th-century terrace houses and the Clan Jetty located near Weld Quay (Pengkalan Weld). Initially done at the center of Chulia Street, near Khoo Kongsi, the increase in the number of visitors wishing to take pictures with the wall paintings has encouraged the government to support the street art culture. Steel rod sculptures have been added to the walls of buildings throughout Georgetown.

Australia and Africa

Melbourne (see Street art in Melbourne) is home to one of the world's most active and diverse street art cultures and is home to pioneers in the stencil medium. Street artists such as Blek le Rat and Banksy often exhibited works on Melbourne's streets in the 2000s (decade). Works are supported and preserved by local councils. Key locations within the city include Brunswick, Carlton, Fitzroy, Northcote, and the city centre including the famous Hosier Lane.

Perth also has a small street art scene. Sydney's street art scene includes Newtown area graffiti and street art.

New Zealand: In 2009 in Auckland, street art decorated the city with sophisticated graphic imagery. Auckland's city council permitted electrical boxes to be used as canvases for street art. Local street art group TMD (The Most Dedicated) won the "Write For Gold" international competition in Germany two years in a row. Surplus Bargains is another local collective.

Although street art in South Africa is not as ubiquitous as in European cities, Johannesburg's central Newtown district is a centre for street art in the city. The "City Of Gold International Urban Art Festival" was held in the city's Braamfontein civic and student district in April 2012.

The New York Times reported Cairo's emergence as a street art center of the region in 2011. Slogans calling for the overthrow of the Mubarak regime has evolved into æsthetic and politically provocative motifs.

Street art from Egypt, Tunisia, Yemen, and Libya has gained notoriety since the Arab Spring, including a 2012 exhibition in Madrid' s Casa Árabe.

• 
  Street art in the old city of Prizren, Kosovo.
• 
  Street art in Chacarita, Buenos Aires. Various "graffiti tours" are available in the city.
• 
  Mural by BLU, Gaza Strip, Praha.

Festivals and conferences

Sarasota Chalk Festival was founded in 2007 sponsoring street art by artists initially invited from throughout the U.S. and soon extended to internationally. In 2011 the festival introduced a Going Vertical mural program and its Cellograph project to accompany the street drawings that also are created by renowned artists from around the world. Many international films have been produced by and about artists who have participated in the programs, their murals and street drawings, and special events at the festival.

Living Walls is an annual street art conference founded in 2009. In 2010 it was hosted in Atlanta and in 2011 jointly in Atlanta and Albany, New York. Living Walls was also active promoting street art at Art Basel Miami Beach 2011.

The RVA Street Art Festival is a street art festival in Richmond, Virginia began in 2012. It is organized by Edward Trask and Jon Baliles. In 2012, the festival took place along the Canal Walk; in 2013 it will take place at the abandoned GRTC lot on Cary Street.

Documentary films

• RASH (2005), a feature length documentary by Mutiny Media exploring the cultural value of Australian street art and graffiti
• Roadsworth: Crossing the Line (2007), a documentary film about the legal struggle of Montreal street artist Roadsworth
• Bomb It (2008), a documentary film about graffiti and street art around the world
• Exit Through the Gift Shop (2010), a documentary created by the artist Banksy about Thierry Guetta
• Street Art Awards (2010), opening of the street art festival in Berlin
• Las Calles Hablan (2013), Las Calles Hablan, a feature length documentary about street art in Barcelona
• Style Wars (1983), a PBS documentary about graffiti artists in New York City featuring Seen, Kase2, Dez and Dondi

Dosya:Graffiti Panorama rome.jpg

Spray-paint graffiti wall mural; Rome, Italy.

See also

• Father Pat Noise
• Graffiti terminology
• Graffiti in Russia
• Graffiti in the United States
• Guerrilla marketing
• List of street artists
• Lock On street art
• Mission School
• Public art
• Screen-printing
• Spray paint art
• Stencil
• Street art in Melbourne
• Street installation
• Street poster art
• Yarn Bombing

External links

• Wikimedia Commons'ta street art ile ilgili çoklu ortam belgeleri bulunur
• Curlie'de Street Art (DMOZ tabanlı)