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'''''Sakellarios''''' ({{Dil-el|σακελλάριος}})<!-- is an official entrusted with administrative and financial duties (cf. ''sakellē'' or ''sakellion'', "purse, treasury"). The title was used in the [[Byzantine Empire]] with varying functions, and remains in use in the [[Eastern Orthodox Church]].
'''''Sakellarios''''' ({{Dil-el|σακελλάριος}}) İdari ve mali görevlerle görevlendirilmiş bir yetkilidir (bkz. ''sakellē'' ya da ''sakellion'', "para kesesi, hazine"). Bu unvan [[Bizans İmparatorluğu]]'nda çeşitli işlevlerle kullanılmış ve [[Doğu Ortodoks Kilisesi]]'nde kullanımda kalmıştır.


== Civil administration ==
== Sivil idare ==
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The first known ''sakellarios'' was a certain Paul, a [[freedman]] appointed by Emperor [[Zeno (emperor)|Zeno]] (reigned 474–491).{{sfn|ODB|loc="Sakellarios" (A. Kazhdan, P. Magdalino), pp. 1828–1829}} The ''sakellarios'' is hence usually assumed to have headed a ''[[sakellion]]'' (or ''sakella'', ''sakelle''), a term which appears in early [[Byzantine]] sources with the apparent sense of "treasury", more specifically of cash, as opposed to the ''[[vestiarion]]'' which was for goods.{{sfn|ODB|loc="Sakellion" (A. Kazhdan, P. Magdalino), pp. 1829–1830}} Despite the origin of the term, the ''sakellarioi'' of the early Byzantine period (5th–7th centuries) are not directly associated with financial matters. Rather they appear connected with the imperial bedchamber (''koiton''), bearing court titles such as ''[[spatharios]]'' or ''[[koubikoularios]]'', while some holders of the office were entrusted with distinctly non-financial tasks: Emperor [[Heraclius]] (r. 610–641) appointed the ''sakellarios'' [[Theodore Trithyrius]] to command against the Arabs, while another ''sakellarios'' conducted the examination of [[Maximos the Confessor]] under [[Constans II]] (r. 641–668).{{sfn|ODB|loc="Sakellarios" (A. Kazhdan, P. Magdalino), pp. 1828–1829}}
The first known ''sakellarios'' was a certain Paul, a [[freedman]] appointed by Emperor [[Zeno (emperor)|Zeno]] (reigned 474–491).{{sfn|ODB|loc="Sakellarios" (A. Kazhdan, P. Magdalino), pp. 1828–1829}} The ''sakellarios'' is hence usually assumed to have headed a ''[[sakellion]]'' (or ''sakella'', ''sakelle''), a term which appears in early [[Byzantine]] sources with the apparent sense of "treasury", more specifically of cash, as opposed to the ''[[vestiarion]]'' which was for goods.{{sfn|ODB|loc="Sakellion" (A. Kajdan, P. Magdalino), pp. 1829–1830}} Despite the origin of the term, the ''sakellarioi'' of the early Byzantine period (5th–7th centuries) are not directly associated with financial matters. Rather they appear connected with the imperial bedchamber (''koiton''), bearing court titles such as ''[[spatharios]]'' or ''[[koubikoularios]]'', while some holders of the office were entrusted with distinctly non-financial tasks: Emperor [[Heraclius]] (r. 610–641) appointed the ''sakellarios'' [[Theodore Trithyrius]] to command against the Arabs, while another ''sakellarios'' conducted the examination of [[Maximos the Confessor]] under [[Constans II]] (r. 641–668).{{sfn|ODB|loc="Sakellarios" (A. Kajdan, P. Magdalino), pp. 1828–1829}}


It is only in the early 8th century that ''sakellarioi'' are directly mentioned as treasurers.{{sfn|ODB|loc="Sakellarios" (A. Kazhdan, P. Magdalino), pp. 1828–1829}} By the time of the ''[[Taktikon Uspensky]]'' of ca. 843, the ''sakellarios'' had become a general [[comptroller]] of the fiscal bureaux (the ''sekreta''), with notaries reporting to him in each department.{{sfn|ODB|loc="Sakellarios" (A. Kazhdan, P. Magdalino), pp. 1828–1829}} The actual head of the ''sakellion'' department from this period on became the ''[[chartoularios tou sakelliou]]''.{{sfn|ODB|loc="Sakellion" (A. Kazhdan, P. Magdalino), pp. 1829–1830}}
It is only in the early 8th century that ''sakellarioi'' are directly mentioned as treasurers.{{sfn|ODB|loc="Sakellarios" (A. Kajdan, P. Magdalino), pp. 1828–1829}} By the time of the ''[[Taktikon Uspensky]]'' of ca. 843, the ''sakellarios'' had become a general [[comptroller]] of the fiscal bureaux (the ''sekreta''), with notaries reporting to him in each department.{{sfn|ODB|loc="Sakellarios" (A. Kajdan, P. Magdalino), pp. 1828–1829}} The actual head of the ''sakellion'' department from this period on became the ''[[chartoularios tou sakelliou]]''.{{sfn|ODB|loc="Sakellion" (A. Kajdan, P. Magdalino), pp. 1829–1830}}


The post continues in evidence until at least 1196, although it may have for a time been subsumed into that of the ''[[megas logariastes]]'' under [[Alexios I Komnenos]] (r. 1081–1118). From the late 11th century, the prefix ''megas'' ("grand") was added to it.{{sfn|ODB|loc="Sakellarios" (A. Kazhdan, P. Magdalino), pp. 1828–1829}}
The post continues in evidence until at least 1196, although it may have for a time been subsumed into that of the ''[[megas logariastes]]'' under [[Alexios I Komnenos]] (r. 1081–1118). From the late 11th century, the prefix ''megas'' ("grand") was added to it.{{sfn|ODB|loc="Sakellarios" (A. Kajdan, P. Magdalino), pp. 1828–1829}}


== Dinsel (Kilise) idare ==
== Ecclesiastical administration ==
Imitating the practice of the imperial court, the [[Patriarchate of Constantinople]] had its own ''sakellion''.{{sfn|ODB|loc="Sakellion" (A. Kazhdan, P. Magdalino), pp. 1829–1830}} Like his secular counterpart, the patriarchal ''sakellarios'' lost its function as treasurer by the late 11th century and took over the supervision of donations to and the administration of the monasteries of Constantinople. At the same time, it also acquired the prefix ''megas'' and replaced the ''[[megas skeuophylax]]'' as the second-most important official of the patriarchate.{{sfn|ODB|loc="Sakellarios" (A. Kazhdan, P. Magdalino), pp. 1828–1829}} By the 13th century, the institution of ''megas sakellarios'' had been replicated in the provincial sees as well.{{sfn|ODB|loc="Sakellarios" (A. Kazhdan, P. Magdalino), pp. 1828–1829}}
Imitating the practice of the imperial court, the [[Patriarchate of Constantinople]] had its own ''sakellion''.{{sfn|ODB|loc="Sakellion" (A. Kajdan, P. Magdalino), pp. 1829–1830}} Like his secular counterpart, the patriarchal ''sakellarios'' lost its function as treasurer by the late 11th century and took over the supervision of donations to and the administration of the monasteries of Constantinople. At the same time, it also acquired the prefix ''megas'' and replaced the ''[[megas skeuophylax]]'' as the second-most important official of the patriarchate.{{sfn|ODB|loc="Sakellarios" (A. Kajdan, P. Magdalino), pp. 1828–1829}} By the 13th century, the institution of ''megas sakellarios'' had been replicated in the provincial sees as well.{{sfn|ODB|loc="Sakellarios" (A. Kajdan, P. Magdalino), pp. 1828–1829}}
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== Kaynakça ==
== Kaynakça ==
18. satır: 19. satır:
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* {{citation |title=The Imperial Administrative System of the Ninth Century. With a Revised Text of the Kletorologion of Philotheos |last=Bury |first=John B. |authorlink=J. B. Bury |year=1911 |publisher=Oxford University Publishing }}
* {{citation |title=The Imperial Administrative System of the Ninth Century. With a Revised Text of the Kletorologion of Philotheos |last=Bury |first=John B. |authorlink=J. B. Bury |year=1911 |publisher=Oxford University Publishing }}
* {{cite encyclopedia | editor-first = Alexander | editor-last = Kazhdan |editor-link=Alexander Kazhdan | encyclopedia = [[The Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium]] | publisher = Oxford University Press | year = 1991 | isbn = 978-0-19-504652-6 | ref={{harvid|ODB}}}}
* {{cite encyclopedia | editor-first = Aleksandr | editor-last = Kajdan |editor-link=Aleksandr Kajdan | encyclopedia = The [[Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium]] | publisher = Oxford University Press | year = 1991 | isbn = 978-0-19-504652-6 | ref={{harvid|ODB}}}}


{{Bizans İmparatorluğu}}
{{Bizans İmparatorluğu}}

Sayfanın 06.22, 22 Şubat 2019 tarihindeki hâli

Sakellarios (Şablon:Dil-el) İdari ve mali görevlerle görevlendirilmiş bir yetkilidir (bkz. sakellē ya da sakellion, "para kesesi, hazine"). Bu unvan Bizans İmparatorluğu'nda çeşitli işlevlerle kullanılmış ve Doğu Ortodoks Kilisesi'nde kullanımda kalmıştır.

Sivil idare

Kaynakça

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